Browse medicines
Some records contain detailed evidence; others currently contain only basic identity and regulatory information. Reviewed conclusions appear only when they are available for a specific use and group of people.
Showing 1–60 of 5,558 records
Creatine monohydrate
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for strength and power output in short, hard efforts
Caffeine (Caffeine anhydrous in supplements; caffeine citrate is an FDA-approved prescription drug for apnea of prematurity (Cafcit, NDA 020793))
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for alertness, and before training or competition for performance
Melatonin (Prolonged-release melatonin is a prescription medicine in the EU as Circadin (EMEA/H/C/000695); in the US the same molecule is an unregulated dietary supplement)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken to fall asleep faster, and to reset the clock after flying
Berberine
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for blood sugar and cholesterol, approved for neither
L-theanine (Sold as Suntheanine and as generic L-theanine)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for calm alertness; no approved health claim in the EU
Ashwagandha (Sold as standardised root extracts including KSM-66 and Sensoril)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for stress and sleep; legal status differs between countries
Glycine (Also labelled aminoacetic acid; glycine 1.5% irrigation solution is an FDA-approved prescription product (NDA 017865 and others))
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken before bed for sleep quality, and for collagen and detox support
St John's wort (Sold as standardised Hypericum perforatum extracts including LI-160, WS 5570 and Ze 117)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Mild to moderate depression — with serious interactions
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) and Mitragynine (No approved product. Sold as leaf powder, capsules, extracts and, since about 2023, as concentrated 7-hydroxymitragynine tablets, gummies and sublingual films)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Nothing approved. It is sold in petrol stations and smoke shops, is used by around two million American adults a year, and works partly through the same receptor as morphine
Vitamin D3
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for bones and immunity, tested against most of that and failed
Beta-alanine (Branded as CarnoSyn; also sold as sustained-release beta-alanine)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken before training for high-intensity work, and for the tingling in pre-workout drinks
Boron (Sold as boron citrate, boron glycinate, boron aspartate, calcium fructoborate and sodium borate; the absorbed species is boric acid)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A trace element sold to raise testosterone — whose critical animal toxicity is testicular
Curcumin (Sold as turmeric extract, and as branded complexes including Meriva, BCM-95 and Theracurmin)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for inflammation and joint pain, approved for neither
Inulin (Sold as chicory root fibre, oligofructose, fructooligosaccharide (FOS) or agave inulin; branded ingredients include Orafti and Frutafit)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken to feed gut bacteria and improve digestion
Calcium Carbonate (Tums / Ultra Strength Antacid / Extra Strength Antacid / Caltrate)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Heartburn and indigestion, and topping up dietary calcium
Quercetin
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for allergy and immunity; investigated as a senescent-cell killer
Selenium (Sold as L-selenomethionine, sodium selenite, sodium selenate or selenium-enriched yeast)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken as an antioxidant and for thyroid and immune support
Alpha-lipoic acid (Also called thioctic acid or lipoic acid; sold as racemic ALA or as R-lipoic acid)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for nerve pain in diabetes, for blood sugar, and as a general antioxidant
Iodine (Sold as potassium iodide, sodium iodide or kelp extract; potassium iodide is also an FDA-approved over-the-counter drug (iOSAT, NDA 018664))
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for thyroid support and metabolism, often as a kelp supplement
Resveratrol
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for longevity and heart health, approved for neither
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid; the largest consumer route is energy drinks)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken in energy drinks and pre-workout formulas, and increasingly for anti-ageing
Zinc (Sold as zinc gluconate, acetate, picolinate, citrate or oxide; the prescription zinc acetate product for Wilson disease is Galzin)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken at the first sign of a cold, and daily for immune support
Bromantane (Ladasten; also written bromantan and, in the doping literature, bromontan)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A Russian anti-fatigue drug that became a doping case before most people had heard of it
Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone (oxidised) and ubiquinol (reduced); also sold as ubidecarenone)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for heart health and energy, and especially by people on statins for muscle aches
Rhodiola rosea (Sold as golden root or arctic root, often as the SHR-5 standardised extract)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for fatigue and mental performance under stress
Adrafinil (CRL-40028; sold in the United States as a nootropic dietary supplement)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A prodrug of modafinil, sold as a supplement because it was never scheduled
Muscimol and Ibotenic Acid (Amanita muscaria) (No approved product. Sold in the United States since about 2022 as Amanita muscaria gummies, capsules, chocolates and extracts marketed as legal or nootropic mushrooms)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Nothing. It is the fly agaric mushroom, sold as gummies and chocolate in American smoke shops, and in one Portland analysis the products claiming to contain it did not contain it
Phenibut (β-Phenyl-GABA) (Fenibut, Anvifen, Noofen — prescription products in Russia, Latvia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. In the United States it is sold in supplements under names such as Fenibut and β-phenyl-GABA)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
An anxiety and sleep drug on prescription in Russia and Latvia. In the United States it is a supplement-aisle product that produces coma in about one in sixteen reported exposures
Vitamin K2 MK-7 (Menaquinone-7; the dominant branded ingredient in the trial literature is MenaQ7)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken with vitamin D for bone density and to keep calcium out of the arteries
LSA (Ergine) — Morning Glory and Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Seeds (No product. The seeds are sold as garden seed under cultivar names such as Heavenly Blue and Pearly Gates, and as Argyreia nervosa seed)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Nothing. These are garden seeds containing an ergot alkaloid, sold in every seed rack, and the compound in them is not federally controlled
Phenylpiracetam (Phenotropil, Actitropil; also called fonturacetam and carphedon)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A Russian prescription nootropic sold in the West as a supplement, banned in sport since 1998
Psyllium husk (Sold as ispaghula husk; the dominant branded product is Metamucil)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for constipation and regularity, and to lower cholesterol
Saffron extract (Sold as affron, Safr'Inside and other standardised Crocus sativus stigma extracts)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Marketed for mood and anxiety
Collagen peptides (Sold as hydrolysed collagen, collagen hydrolysate, gelatin hydrolysate or "specific collagen peptides"; brand ingredients include Verisol, Fortigel and CH-Alpha)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken for skin, joints, hair and nails
Selank (Selank; the peptide is written Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro)
Peptide medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A Russian anti-anxiety peptide, sold elsewhere as a nasal spray research chemical
Semax (Semax; the peptide is written ACTH(4-7)PGP or Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro)
Peptide medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A Russian stroke and nootropic peptide, sold elsewhere as a nasal spray research chemical
Whey protein (Sold as whey concentrate, whey isolate and whey hydrolysate — three processing grades of the same starting material)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Taken after training to build muscle, and generally to hit a daily protein target
Noopept (Omberacetam; development code GVS-111)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A Russian nootropic, sold in the West as a supplement, at doses often four times the pharmacological one
Tianeptine (Stablon, Coaxil, Tatinol — prescription antidepressant brands in Europe, Asia and Latin America. In the United States it is sold unapproved as a "nootropic" under names such as Zaza and Neptune's Fix)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
A prescription antidepressant elsewhere in the world. In the United States it is sold over a counter as a nootropic, and it is a full agonist at the same receptor as morphine
Xylazine (Rompun, AnaSed, Sedazine and other veterinary products. In the illicit supply it is known as "tranq" and appears as an adulterant rather than a named product)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed recordUse listed on the medicine record
Nothing, in people. It is a large-animal tranquilliser that has been added to the illicit fentanyl supply across the United States, and it is the reason some overdoses do not respond fully to naloxone
Zingiberene
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordAbalone
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded record1,2-Distearoyl-Sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (Libido Stim Liquescence 3014 / Ret Pituitary/Sex 7012)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordAstaxanthin
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordChenopodium Album Whole (Allergy South East Mix)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
Temporarily relieves sneezing, watery-itchy eyes, coughing, nasal congestion, runny nose &/or other symptoms related to outdoor allergies.**
1,3-Bis Urea (Genital Nosode Combination 9406 / Uric Acid Combination 9307)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBeta Vicianoside
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBlack Gram
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded record10-Hydroxy-2-Decanoic Acid
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordAlpine Strawberry (Fragaria Vesca)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
Hives*
Antioxidant
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBeryllium Oxyacetate (Beryllium Oxydatum)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBlood Vessels
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBos Taurus Lymph (N-6 / N-17)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
INDICATIONS Support for immune deficiency.
Anhydrous Dextrose (Prismasol Bgk0/2.5 / Elliotts B / Prismasol Bgk2/3.5 / Prismasol Bgk4/2.5 / Prismasol B22gk4/0 / Prismasol Bgk4/0/1.2)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
PRISMASOL and PHOXILLUM solutions are indicated in pediatric and adult patients for use as a replacement solution in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) to replace plasma volume removed by ultrafiltration and to correct electrolyte and acid-base imbalances. They may also be used in case of drug poisoning when CRRT is used to remove dialyzable substances. PRISMASOL and PHOXILLUM solutions are indicated: • As a replacement solution in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) and in case of drug poisoning when CRRT is used to remove dialyzable substances ( 1 )
Astragalus Exscapus Whole (Celltropin)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
INDICATIONS: Temporarily supports pituitary and endocrine systems for hormonal balance, improved energy, endurance, circulation, and cellular function. † †Claims based on traditional homeopathic practice, not accepted medical evidence. Not FDA evaluated.
Bear Garlic
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBerberis Vulgaris Whole (N-1 Adrenal Energizer / N-3 / Ez-Detox Super Drainage Formula / D81)
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordUse listed on the medicine record
Indications & Usage: Shake well before each use. Adults and Children over 12 years, place 15 drops in a small glass of water two times a day, 15 mns. before a meal. Allow medicine to remain in the mouth for 15 seconds before swallowing.
Bergenia Pacumbis
Nutritional or plant productDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded recordBeta Glucanase
Protein medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineExpanded record