35 registered substances share the start of this name, which is why a search for it can return more than one thing.
FDA substance registry · H9F7SG62G8 · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
No plain explanation of what this changes is stored.
No recorded use is stored in reader language.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 26 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Examination of the change in biochemical parameters from the beginning, TAS sample
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05438901
How many people
12317546
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Cytotoxicity/Cell viability.
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05456022
How many people
1000000
Study design
Phase 2
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
24-week infant mortality rate
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00128557
How many people
15937
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Baseline to end-line change in the prevalence of stunting among children 0-59 months of age
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT06025786
How many people
13200
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Major fatal and non fatal ischemic cardiovascular events
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00272428
How many people
13000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Composite of Pregnancy-associated Hypertension and Serious Adverse Outcomes in the Mother or Fetus or Neonate
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00135707
How many people
10154
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
□Living longer, or avoiding a major eventNo evidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.No registered study measures this.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
□Symptoms and quality of lifeNo evidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.No registered study measures this.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.2 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in C. elegans (roundworm), Mouse, Rat, Dog, Non-human primate. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
flow mediated dilation
blood pressure
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (16)
global hed retention index
preeclampsia
lowest mean fluence inducing visible pigmentation
arterial stiffness
endothelial function
burning sensation
mouth opening
cheek flexibility
tongue protrusion
blood flow
oxidative stress markers
plaque index
gingival index
probing pocket depth
clinical attachment level
bleeding on probing
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
No description of who was studied is recorded.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Varies by country
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No form or route is recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
Not usually supervised: sold as a supplement or food ingredient where recorded. That is a legal category, not a safety judgement.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing is recorded about product quality.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
The exact form studied is not recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
9676 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as botanical, botanical with nutrients and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
8 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
What was measured, goal by goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
How this medicine reached us — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (12)
Q1
What did Antioxidant's largest trial (797 people) and its longest (9.9 years) measure?
797 people in Antioxidant's largest registered study, 9.9 years in its longest registered window, measuring Antioxidant concentrations. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
10 na, 5 phase3, 3 phase4, 1 early phase1, 1 phase2; NCT00116207; 2009-12; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2025, NCT03136029.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Antioxidant was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
na
10
phase3
5
phase4
3
early phase1
1
phase2
1
Last recorded human testNCT03136029
2025-07-31
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From C. elegans to human: where has Antioxidant shown lifespan?
"difficulty recruiting"; 1 of 19 registered studies
Show the evidence
TrialNCT04758260
withdrawn; "difficulty recruiting"
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Did Antioxidant move epigenetic age, and by how much?
epigenetic age: "This study suggests higher OBS levels are associated with reduced epigenetic age and decelerated biological aging, and antioxidant-rich diets and lifestyles may delay biological aging." Europe PMC · epigenetic clock search · 2026-05-02
3 recorded sentences; 2026, 2025; biomarker
Show the evidence
epigenetic agePMID 42069667
2026; "This study suggests higher OBS levels are associated with reduced epigenetic age and decelerated biological aging, and antioxidant-rich diets and lifestyles may delay biological aging."
PhenoAge
PMID 41217697
2026; "To explore potential relationships between total fish-shellfish consumption (status/frequency) and BA assessed via Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and risk of PhenoAge acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), with a focus on examining the mediation role played by inflammatory/antioxidant biomarkers."
PMID 40712240
2025; "Pro-inflammatory diets (higher DII scores) were significantly associated with increased biological age acceleration (KDM-BA: β = 0.39; PhenoAge: β = 0.96, all P < 0.001), whereas antioxidant-rich diets (higher CDAI scores) and Mediterranean diets (higher aMED scores) showed inverse associations (CDAI: β= -0.33 to -0.50; aMED: β = -0.31 to -0.60, all P < 0.001)."
recorded 2026-05-02 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
More Antioxidant was worse in human: at what point?
Hormetic in human: "The hormetic response of whole-organism endpoints such as growth is primarily driven by initial mild oxidative stress, which activates sophisticated adaptive signaling pathways, coordinated overexpression of defensive machinery, induction of antioxidant enzymes, and activation of detoxification pathways involving…" Europe PMC · dose-response search · 2026-03-30
5 recorded sentences naming Antioxidant; hormetic, hormesis, biphasic
Show the evidence
hormetic
PMID 41205891
"The hormetic response of whole-organism endpoints such as growth is primarily driven by initial mild oxidative stress, which activates sophisticated adaptive signaling pathways, coordinated overexpression of defensive machinery, induction of antioxidant enzymes, and activation of detoxification pathways involving phase I/II enzymes."
PMID 42072074
"Pharmacological scavenging of reactive oxygen species abolished Akt phosphorylation and reduced the protective effects of preconditioning, supporting a hormetic signaling model rather than direct antioxidant action."
hormesisPMID 42072074
"Collectively, these findings indicate that isoflurane preconditioning confers neuroprotection through hormesis-like mild oxidative signaling and coordinated activation of endogenous antioxidant defenses rather than via direct antioxidant scavenging."
hormeticPMID 39580755
"A double-edged sword, bioflavonoids' antioxidant or prooxidant properties contribute to their hormetic behavior and facilitate redox homeostasis by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells."
biphasicPMID 40769637
"This biphasic dose-response phenomenon can benefit biological systems by inducing neural plasticity, improving cognitive function, and enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses."
recorded 2026-03-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Could one person measure Antioxidant's effect on global hed retention index?
Global hed retention index: measured in Antioxidant's trials.
Interpretation global hed retention index is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
global hed retention index; 2026-09-01
preeclampsia; 2026-09-01
flow mediated dilation; 2026-09-01
lowest mean fluence inducing visible pigmentation; 2026-09-01
blood pressure; 2026-09-01
arterial stiffness; 2026-09-01
12 more recorded rows
biomarkers
endothelial function; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
burning sensation; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
mouth opening; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
cheek flexibility; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
tongue protrusion; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
blood flow; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
oxidative stress markers; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
plaque index; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
gingival index; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
probing pocket depth; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
clinical attachment level; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
bleeding on probing; 2026-09-01
human trials at or under30
4
Not recorded for this substance
a recorded half-life
smallest human trial
0; NCT04758260; NA; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q7
Which of arterial stiffness, bleeding on probing and blood flow did Antioxidant's trials measure?
arterial stiffness, bleeding on probing and blood flow lead 18 outcome terms across Antioxidant's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Interpretation lowest mean fluence inducing visible pigmentation, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, endothelial function, burning sensation and mouth opening follow.
Show the evidence
global hed retention index
1
preeclampsia
1
flow mediated dilation
1
lowest mean fluence inducing visible pigmentation
1
blood pressure
1
arterial stiffness
1
12 more recorded rows
endothelial function
1
burning sensation
1
mouth opening
1
cheek flexibility
1
tongue protrusion
1
blood flow
1
oxidative stress markers
1
plaque index
1
gingival index
1
probing pocket depth
1
clinical attachment level
1
bleeding on probing
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which of Antioxidant's 3 ongoing trials reports first?
Arm Vascular Function at Rest (Flow Mediated Dilation Test); All-cause hospitalization or death rate; latest 2026-08
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT04916327
"Examining the Impact of Exercise Training on Vascular Dysfunction in Individuals With Mental Health Disorders - Study 1"; n 720; "Arm Vascular Function at Rest (Flow Mediated Dilation Test)"; 2026-08
NCT05614349
"Canadian Adaptive Platform Trial of Treatments for COVID-19 in Community Settings"; n 797; "All-cause hospitalization or death rate"; 2025-06-28
NCT06894667
"The Effect of an Antioxidant Gel Compared to Chlorhexidine Gel During the Soft Tissue Healing Process: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial"; n 40; "Plaque Index"; 2025-12-01
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q9
Which 9 trials of Antioxidant posted no result?
Posted no result
9 of 9 completed trials
Registrations
NCT01596803, NCT01664819, NCT01666587, NCT01927679, NCT02264938 and NCT02157207, and 3 more
Completion dates
oldest 2012-06-01; newest 2023-05-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT01596803
2012-06-01
NCT01664819
2013-08
NCT01666587
2013-08
NCT01927679
2013-11
NCT02264938
2014-10
NCT02157207
2015-06
3 further recorded trials
NCT02714543
2015-11
NCT04252105
2020-12-30
NCT03903133
2023-05-01
Q10
At the median, Antioxidant's trials enrolled 57 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
57
Largest enrolment
797
Registered trials counted
19
Q11
Was Antioxidant studied with fasting?
fasting is named in Antioxidant's label sentences: "This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of 1500 mg/day curcumin supplementation for 12 months in 114 adults with T2DM, with assessments including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), inflammatory cytokines…" openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-04-27
1 recorded statement; fasting
Show the evidence
fasting
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of 1500 mg/day curcumin supplementation for 12 months in 114 adults with T2DM, with assessments including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio…
recorded 2026-04-27 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q12
What is recorded about Antioxidant and sirtuin?
"In addition, cellular repair and improved antioxidant defense are encouraged by the activation of the SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways." — where Antioxidant and sirtuin appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-07-16
"In addition, cellular repair and improved antioxidant defense are encouraged by the activation of the SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways."
mTORPMID 42534639
"Among the central molecular mechanisms implicated in these processes are dysregulation of the AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 axis, persistent NF-κB activation, impaired Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial redox imbalance."
AMPKPMID 42534639
"Among the central molecular mechanisms implicated in these processes are dysregulation of the AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 axis, persistent NF-κB activation, impaired Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial redox imbalance."
sirtuinPMID 42534639
"Among the central molecular mechanisms implicated in these processes are dysregulation of the AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 axis, persistent NF-κB activation, impaired Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial redox imbalance."
mTORPMID 42534639
"Particular emphasis is placed on their reported interactions with AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 signaling, Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, mitochondrial function, and endothelial homeostasis."
AMPKPMID 42534639
"Particular emphasis is placed on their reported interactions with AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 signaling, Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, mitochondrial function, and endothelial homeostasis."
3 more recorded rows
sirtuinPMID 42534639
"Particular emphasis is placed on their reported interactions with AMPK-mTOR-SIRT1 signaling, Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, mitochondrial function, and endothelial homeostasis."
mTORPMID 42105892
"In addition, autophagy inhibitors and mTOR inhibitor were used to determine whether the antioxidant effects of HO-1 were mediated by autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway."
AMPKPMID 42105892
"In addition, autophagy inhibitors and mTOR inhibitor were used to determine whether the antioxidant effects of HO-1 were mediated by autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway."
autophagy
PMID 42105892
"In addition, autophagy inhibitors and mTOR inhibitor were used to determine whether the antioxidant effects of HO-1 were mediated by autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway."
PMID 42105892
"Meanwhile, HO-1 also upregulated the expression of autophagy-related genes, whereas treatment with an autophagy inhibitor attenuated the antioxidant effects of HO-1."
NAD+PMID 41324246
"We found that inhibiting NAMPT or silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) exacerbates liver steatosis and impairs hepatic antioxidant defenses in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, while reducing STEAP4 expression in liver tissues, suggesting that NAMPT and SIRT1 are pivotal in NAFLD progression and may regulate STEAP4."
autophagyPMID 42390583
"Notably, SIRT1 serves as a central hub mediating the crosstalk between ferroptosis and autophagy via the SIRT1/PINK1 axis, while simultaneously coordinating antioxidant-anti-inflammatory amplification and bidirectional inhibition of fibrotic signaling, thereby forming positive-feedback loops that circumvent compensatory pathway activation inherent to single-target interventions."
IGF-1PMID 41498848
"We highlight (i) the attenuation of classical pro-inflammatory pathways through downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2, modulation of the Th17/Treg balance, and also the lower systemic LPS levels of centenarians, which are associated with enhanced SIRT1 activity (↑LPS/↓SIRT1); (ii) the reprogramming of energy metabolism via activation of SIRT1/AMPK and SIRT1/p-53, modulation of mTOR, and attenuation of…"
recorded 2026-07-16 · last checked 2026-09-04
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