Medicine library

Browse medicines, page 3 of 40

Some records contain detailed evidence; others currently contain only basic identity and regulatory information. Reviewed conclusions appear only when they are available for a specific use and group of people.

Showing 121–180 of 2,365 records

Dexamethasone (Decadron / Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate / Maxidex / Ozurdex / Hemady)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Severe inflammation and swelling — including brain swelling, croup, some cancers, and COVID-19 severe enough to need oxygen
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, Voltaren Arthritis Pain (topical gel), Solaraze)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Arthritis pain and inflammation
Diethylstilbestrol (DES; formerly Stilbestrol, Stilphostrol)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A synthetic oestrogen once given to pregnant women to prevent miscarriage
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing and treating blood clots in the legs and lungs, and in heart attacks
Epinephrine (EpiPen / Auvi-Q / Adrenalin / neffy)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A severe allergic reaction — the adrenaline pen
Fentanyl (Sublimaze (injection, NDA 016619, 1968); Duragesic (transdermal patch, NDA 019813, 1990); Actiq (oral transmucosal lozenge, NDA 020747, 1998); Fentora, Subsys, Abstral, Lazanda)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A hospital anaesthetic and a patch for severe chronic pain. Separately, illicitly manufactured fentanyl is the drug involved in most American overdose deaths, and it is increasingly pressed into counterfeit pills
Finerenone (Kerendia)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Kidney disease caused by type 2 diabetes, and heart failure with a normal or near-normal pumping fraction
Glyburide (Diabeta / Micronase / Glynase PresTab (glibenclamide outside the United States))
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Type 2 diabetes — the strongest and longest-acting of the old sulfonylurea tablets
Hydralazine (Apresoline / Dralzine; as a fixed combination with isosorbide dinitrate, BiDil)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
High blood pressure, including when it must be brought down urgently; and, combined with a nitrate, heart failure
Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil / Sovuna)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and malaria where the parasite is still susceptible
Isosorbide Dinitrate (Isordil / Dilatrate-SR / Sorbitrate; as a fixed combination with hydralazine, BiDil)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing angina — chest pain from narrowed heart arteries
Ketoconazole (Nizoral / Nizoral Anti-Dandruff / Extina / Xolegel / Ketoconazole shampoo 2%)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis, and the pale or dark patches of tinea versicolor
Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Epilepsy, including focal seizures and generalised seizures
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Numbing part of the body for a procedure, and steadying a dangerously fast heart rhythm
Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca-Durabolin)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Anaemia of kidney failure — approved, and no longer marketed in the United States
Nitazenes (Isotonitazene and the 2-Benzylbenzimidazole Opioids) (None. Never marketed as a medicine anywhere. Sold in the illicit supply as counterfeit tablets, in heroin substitutes and as powder)
Small chemical medicineControlled substance; no approved US useDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Nothing. These are 1950s analgesic candidates that were never developed, resurfacing sixty years later in the illicit drug supply because they are easy to make and are not on the lists
Ondansetron (Zofran / Zofran ODT / Zuplenz)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Being sick, or feeling sick, after chemotherapy, radiotherapy or an operation
Pergolide (Permax)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A Parkinson's disease tablet taken alongside levodopa
Phytonadione (Vitamin K1) (Mephyton / AquaMEPHYTON / Konakion)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Bleeding, or a risk of bleeding, because the body cannot finish building four of its clotting proteins — from warfarin, from a newborn gut that has not started making vitamin K yet, or from a condition that stops fat being absorbed
Pitavastatin (Livalo / Zypitamag / Nikita)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
High cholesterol
Propoxyphene (Darvon, Darvocet-N (with paracetamol); co-proxamol in the United Kingdom)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A weak opioid painkiller for mild to moderate pain
Raloxifene (Evista)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Thinning bones after menopause, and lowering the chance of developing one type of breast cancer
Rapacuronium (Raplon)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A fast-acting muscle relaxant given at the start of anaesthesia to allow a breathing tube to be placed
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing stroke in an irregular heartbeat, treating and preventing clots, and reducing events in stable artery disease
Sibutramine (Meridia / Reductil)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A prescription appetite suppressant for obesity
Tacrolimus (Prograf / Astagraf XL / Envarsus XR / Protopic)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Stopping the body rejecting a transplanted organ, and severe eczema that has not responded to steroid creams
Terfenadine (Seldane / Triludan)
Small chemical medicineWithdrawn from the marketDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A hay fever tablet that did not make you drowsy
Testosterone enanthate (Delatestryl, Xyosted; also sold as generic testosterone enanthate injection)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Testosterone replacement for men whose testicles or pituitary do not make enough
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing heart attacks, strokes and stent clots after a heart attack or unstable angina
Trazodone (Desyrel / Oleptro (both discontinued as brands))
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Depression — although most people who are given it are taking it to sleep, which is not a licensed use
Adapalene (Differin / Differin Gel 0.1% (over the counter) / Epiduo (with benzoyl peroxide))
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Acne
Adrafinil (CRL-40028; sold in the United States as a nootropic dietary supplement)
Small chemical medicineDietary supplement; not FDA-approved as a medicineDetailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A prodrug of modafinil, sold as a supplement because it was never scheduled
Argatroban (Argatroban in 0.9% Sodium Chloride)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing and treating clots in people who have had a dangerous immune reaction to heparin
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression that has not responded to an antidepressant alone, irritability in autism, and Tourette disorder
Azathioprine (Imuran / Azasan)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Stopping the immune system rejecting a transplanted kidney, and severe rheumatoid arthritis that has not responded to other treatment
Bupropion (Wellbutrin / Zyban)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Depression, and help with quitting smoking
Calcipotriene (Dovonex / Sorilux / Calcitrene / Taclonex (with betamethasone dipropionate))
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Plaque psoriasis — the raised, red, scaly patches
Calcitriol (Rocaltrol / Calcijex / Vectical)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Low calcium and overactive parathyroid glands caused by kidney failure, and low calcium caused by absent parathyroid hormone
Cariprazine (Vraylar)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Schizophrenia, both phases of bipolar I disorder, and depression that has not responded to an antidepressant alone
Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton / Allergy Relief)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Sneezing, runny nose and itchy eyes — the old allergy tablet
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Preventing clots after a heart attack, a stent, a stroke, or in blocked leg arteries
Clozapine (Clozaril, FazaClo, Versacloz)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
The antipsychotic used when others have failed, and the only one shown to reduce suicide risk in schizophrenia
Dextromethorphan (Sold over the counter in hundreds of cough products. Prescription combinations: Nuedexta (with quinidine, NDA 021879, 2010) and Auvelity (with bupropion, NDA 215430, 2022))
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
The cough suppressant in most supermarket cough syrups. At many times that dose it is a dissociative, and the same molecule is now half of a prescription antidepressant
Diltiazem (Cardizem / Cardizem CD / Cardizem LA / Tiadylt / Cartia XT)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Chest pain from narrowed or spasming arteries, high blood pressure, and a heart racing out of rhythm
Dolutegravir (Tivicay / Tivicay PD)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
HIV-1 infection, as part of a combination regimen
Esketamine (Spravato)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Depression that has not responded to at least two other antidepressants
Fluvastatin (Lescol / Lescol XL)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
High cholesterol, and reducing the chance of needing a stent or a bypass in people who already have coronary disease
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Type 2 diabetes — the sulfonylurea with the largest outcome trial behind it
Glipizide (Glucotrol / Glucotrol XL)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Type 2 diabetes — a tablet that squeezes more insulin out of the pancreas
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Psychosis, and the tics of Tourette disorder
Hydroxyzine (Atarax / Vistaril)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Itching from allergy or hives, anxiety, and sedation before an anaesthetic
Indomethacin (Indocin, Tivorbex, Indocin IV)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Severe arthritis, gout attacks and inflamed shoulders
Lamivudine (Epivir for HIV-1 and Epivir-HBV for hepatitis B, at different strengths; also in Combivir, Epzicom, Triumeq and Dovato)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
HIV-1 infection and chronic hepatitis B
Latanoprost (Xalatan)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
High pressure inside the eye, and the nerve damage it causes
Losartan (Cozaar)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
High blood pressure, thickened heart muscle, and kidney damage from type 2 diabetes
Metronidazole (Flagyl / MetroGel)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Infections caused by parasites and by bacteria that grow without oxygen, including bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis
Midazolam (Versed; also marketed as midazolam hydrochloride injection and in sodium chloride)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Making a person calm and drowsy for a procedure, and making sure they do not remember it
Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler / Asmanex HFA / Nasonex / Elocon / Sinuva)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
A steroid that comes as an asthma inhaler, a hay-fever nasal spray, a skin cream and a sinus implant
Naltrexone (ReVia / Vivitrol)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Alcohol use disorder, and relapse prevention in opioid use disorder
Naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve, Naprelan)
Small chemical medicineApproved in the United States (FDA)Detailed record
Use listed on the medicine record
Pain, fever and inflammation, especially where it needs to last

Dexamethasone (Decadron / Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate / Maxidex / Ozurdex / Hemady)

Diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, Voltaren Arthritis Pain (topical gel), Solaraze)

Diethylstilbestrol (DES; formerly Stilbestrol, Stilphostrol)

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Epinephrine (EpiPen / Auvi-Q / Adrenalin / neffy)

Fentanyl (Sublimaze (injection, NDA 016619, 1968); Duragesic (transdermal patch, NDA 019813, 1990); Actiq (oral transmucosal lozenge, NDA 020747, 1998); Fentora, Subsys, Abstral, Lazanda)

Finerenone (Kerendia)

Glyburide (Diabeta / Micronase / Glynase PresTab (glibenclamide outside the United States))

Hydralazine (Apresoline / Dralzine; as a fixed combination with isosorbide dinitrate, BiDil)

Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil / Sovuna)

Isosorbide Dinitrate (Isordil / Dilatrate-SR / Sorbitrate; as a fixed combination with hydralazine, BiDil)

Ketoconazole (Nizoral / Nizoral Anti-Dandruff / Extina / Xolegel / Ketoconazole shampoo 2%)

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca-Durabolin)

Nitazenes (Isotonitazene and the 2-Benzylbenzimidazole Opioids) (None. Never marketed as a medicine anywhere. Sold in the illicit supply as counterfeit tablets, in heroin substitutes and as powder)

Ondansetron (Zofran / Zofran ODT / Zuplenz)

Pergolide (Permax)

Phytonadione (Vitamin K1) (Mephyton / AquaMEPHYTON / Konakion)

Pitavastatin (Livalo / Zypitamag / Nikita)

Propoxyphene (Darvon, Darvocet-N (with paracetamol); co-proxamol in the United Kingdom)

Raloxifene (Evista)

Rapacuronium (Raplon)

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Sibutramine (Meridia / Reductil)

Tacrolimus (Prograf / Astagraf XL / Envarsus XR / Protopic)

Terfenadine (Seldane / Triludan)

Testosterone enanthate (Delatestryl, Xyosted; also sold as generic testosterone enanthate injection)

Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

Trazodone (Desyrel / Oleptro (both discontinued as brands))

Adapalene (Differin / Differin Gel 0.1% (over the counter) / Epiduo (with benzoyl peroxide))

Adrafinil (CRL-40028; sold in the United States as a nootropic dietary supplement)

Argatroban (Argatroban in 0.9% Sodium Chloride)

Aripiprazole (Abilify)

Azathioprine (Imuran / Azasan)

Bupropion (Wellbutrin / Zyban)

Calcipotriene (Dovonex / Sorilux / Calcitrene / Taclonex (with betamethasone dipropionate))

Calcitriol (Rocaltrol / Calcijex / Vectical)

Cariprazine (Vraylar)

Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton / Allergy Relief)

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Clozapine (Clozaril, FazaClo, Versacloz)

Dextromethorphan (Sold over the counter in hundreds of cough products. Prescription combinations: Nuedexta (with quinidine, NDA 021879, 2010) and Auvelity (with bupropion, NDA 215430, 2022))

Diltiazem (Cardizem / Cardizem CD / Cardizem LA / Tiadylt / Cartia XT)

Dolutegravir (Tivicay / Tivicay PD)

Esketamine (Spravato)

Fluvastatin (Lescol / Lescol XL)

Glimepiride (Amaryl)

Glipizide (Glucotrol / Glucotrol XL)

Haloperidol (Haldol)

Hydroxyzine (Atarax / Vistaril)

Indomethacin (Indocin, Tivorbex, Indocin IV)

Lamivudine (Epivir for HIV-1 and Epivir-HBV for hepatitis B, at different strengths; also in Combivir, Epzicom, Triumeq and Dovato)

Latanoprost (Xalatan)

Losartan (Cozaar)

Metronidazole (Flagyl / MetroGel)

Midazolam (Versed; also marketed as midazolam hydrochloride injection and in sodium chloride)

Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler / Asmanex HFA / Nasonex / Elocon / Sinuva)

Naltrexone (ReVia / Vivitrol)

Naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve, Naprelan)