This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Tocilizumab does in the body
1 ) Adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs).
From the FDA-approved label: Tocilizumab products bind to both soluble and membrane-bound IL-6 receptors (sIL-6R and mIL-6R), and have been shown to inhibit IL-6-mediated signaling through these receptors. IL-6 is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by a variety of cell types including T- and B-cells, lymphocytes, monocytes and fibroblasts. IL-6 has been shown to be involved in diverse physiological processes such as T-cell activation, induction of immunoglobulin secretion, initiation of hepatic acute phase protein synthesis, and stimulation of hematopoietic precursor cell proliferation and differentiation.
Why people take it. TOFIDENCE ® (tocilizumab-bavi) is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist indicated for treatment of: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) ( 1.1 ) Adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs).
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
Professional supervision is normally required. A regulator classifies this substance in a way that restricts how it is supplied.
What the registries record it as
The substance registry classes this as protein.
FDA substance registry · I031V2H011 · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
The use the label states, quoted from it. No plain-language version of this sentence has been written.
The use the label states, quoted from it. It is written for a clinician, not for a reader without medical training.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 159 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Community-acquired pneumonia: All-cause mortality (with subsidiary analyses of cause of death and of death at various timepoints following discharge)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04381936
How many people
70000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
All-cause mortality
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT02735707
How many people
20000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Time to First Cardiovascular (CV) Events Adjudication Committee (EAC) (CV-EAC) Adjudicated Event
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01331837
How many people
3080
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Measurement of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL) 1 beta, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, CXCL9 and CXCL10) on serum of patients
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05670301
How many people
2500
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Percentage of Participants With ≥ 1 Adverse Event
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00720798
How many people
2067
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
All-cause mortality
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT06381661
How many people
2000
Study design
Phase 2
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
■Living longer, or avoiding a major eventEvidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.4 registered measures of this kind. 1 written-up study measured this and did not show a benefit.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
□Symptoms and quality of lifeNo evidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.No registered study measures this.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.2 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in Mouse, Non-human primate. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
serum progesterone level
serum ctx
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
remission at week 24 from baseline according to cdai
remission at week 24 after dose reduction according to cdai
pd signals predict relapse at week 16
in sustained remission at week 52
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (34)
american college of rheumatology acr20 response
modified total sharp genant at week 52
modified total sharp genant at week 104
small low density lipoprotein particle numbers
1 adverse event
at least one adverse event
glucagon like peptide 1
an american college of rheumatology 20 response at week 24
time to first cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis
a cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis
a cv eac adjudicated event before last direct contact date
adverse events or serious aes
adverse events as a measure of safety and tolerability
adverse events and serious aes
any adverse event
treatment emergent adverse events and serious adverse events
primary outcome
cognition
serious adverse events and non serious adverse events
aes of special interest
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How long anything takes
Nine different lengths of time that get confused with each other. None of them is worked out from another.
Before anything is noticed.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before a test result moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before performance moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
How long the result was watched.No finished study window is recorded for a study that tested this substance.
How long people took it.How long people actually took it is not stored. The study window is not the same thing.
How long people were followed.Follow-up length is not stored separately. It is never read off the study window, which would be a different thing.
How fast the body clears it. 21.5 days
Read from the label, which states: “At high serum concentrations, when total clearance of tocilizumab is dominated by linear clearance, a terminal half-life of approximately 21.5 days was derived from the population parameter estimates.”
How long effects linger.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Beyond the studies. Nothing is recorded about the long term.
The longest finished study sets the edge of what anyone measured.
A study window is not how long people took it, and neither is how long they were followed. Where RNAWiki holds only one of the three, it shows one.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
TOFIDENCE ® (tocilizumab-bavi) is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist indicated for treatment of: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) ( 1.1 ) Adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs). Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) ( 1.2 ) Adult patients with giant cell arteritis.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What the label states about particular groups
On pediatric, the label states: “The safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 2 have not been established in PJIA, SJIA, CRS or COVID-19.”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
On older people, the label states: “Clinical studies that included tocilizumab for CRS did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are pregnant, the label states: “Risk Summary The available data with tocilizumab products from a pregnancy exposure registry, retrospective cohort study, pharmacovigilance, and published literature are insufficient to draw conclusions about a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are breastfeeding, the label states: “Risk Summary No information is available on the presence of tocilizumab products in human milk, the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant, or the effects of the drug on milk production.”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
On people with reduced liver function, the label states: “The safety and efficacy of tocilizumab products have not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment, including patients with positive HBV and HCV serology [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] .”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
On people with reduced kidney function, the label states: “No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment.”
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Given by a clinician
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Injection
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
Professional supervision is normally required. A regulator classifies this substance in a way that restricts how it is supplied.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Suppression classes recorded: S1, S6.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Sold as injectable, injection, solution, injection, injection, solution, concentrate, given by the injection, intravenous, subcutaneous, intravenous route.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold and what that means for what is in the pack.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Reports sent to a regulator
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Tocilizumab appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 55055 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
The recorded terms (10)
rheumatoid arthritis — 9682 reaction mentions
pain — 7155 reaction mentions
arthralgia — 5644 reaction mentions
joint swelling — 5588 reaction mentions
fatigue — 5443 reaction mentions
drug intolerance — 5175 reaction mentions
rash — 4712 reaction mentions
treatment failure — 4571 reaction mentions
synovitis — 3544 reaction mentions
drug hypersensitivity — 3541 reaction mentions
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Injection
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
33 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. 33 of them contain it and nothing else.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72606-045 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as injection, injection, solution, injection, solution, concentrate and liquid, taken intravenous and subcutaneous.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72606-045 · read 2026-08-29
The regulator's established pharmacologic class for it is interleukin 6 receptor antagonists [moa] and interleukin-6 receptor antagonist [epc].
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72606-045 · read 2026-08-29
7 published labels name it as an active ingredient. 7 of them describe this substance alone, which is where its own label text on this page comes from.
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human prescription drug.
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-29
TOFIDENCE is intravenous at 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Intravenous Infusion Injection: 80 mg/4 mL (20 mg/mL), 200 mg/10 mL (20 mg/mL), 400 mg/20 mL (20 mg/mL) in single-dose vials for further dilution prior to intravenous infusion ( 3 ) Intraven…, recorded as fda label in effect 2026-05-22 in the United States.
US prescribing information · 1ab3207a-ebfe-4565-9ce5-3a1538815c83 · read 2026-08-30
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
This one is decided with a clinician, so this section holds questions to ask rather than a plan to run.
Self-experiment planning is not offered for a prescription or clinician-supervised medicine. The questions below are for a clinician or pharmacist.
Questions worth asking
Which of the trials of Tocilizumab studied people like me?
What was measured, and for how long?
Was the result a laboratory value or a health outcome?
What would we watch for, and when would we stop?
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki records evidence. It does not say whether this substance is right for you.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Tocilizumab are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
No reviewed mechanism story exists for this substance.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Check any of this yourself
Every line above traced back to the study it came from. This is the technical layer, and the vocabulary changes here.
How many documents were read
4 documents were read for this substance.
RNAWiki source record
4 of them state the same halfLife, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
2 of them state the same bioavailability, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
Where else this substance is registered
FDA substance identifier (UNII)
I031V2H011
RxNorm concept
2680287
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How this medicine reached us
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2 approved applications cover products containing this substance. The earliest was BLA125276, approved 20100108 to GENENTECH.
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6 questions this page could not answer
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Recorded evidence blocks (14)
Q2
What did Tocilizumab's largest trial (70000 people) and its longest (19 years) measure?
70000 people in Tocilizumab's largest registered study, 19 years in its longest registered window, measuring Rates of All-cause Mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
136 phase2, 100 phase1, 86 phase3, 43 na or unstated, 43 phase4, 21 na, 2 early phase1; NCT04381936; 2038-09-30; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2026, NCT03275103.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Tocilizumab was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase2
136
phase1
100
phase3
86
na or unstated
43
phase4
43
na
21
2 more recorded rows
early phase1
2
Last recorded human testNCT03275103
2026-01-07
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q3
From mouse to human: where has Tocilizumab shown lifespan?
11 recorded entries; human; also "Tocilizumab 162 mg", "Tocilizumab 280 mg", "Tocilizumab 20 Mg/mL Intravenous Solution"
Show the evidence
human
NCT01232569
Tocilizumab 162 mg
NCT01491074
Tocilizumab 280 mg
NCT03863015
Tocilizumab 20 Mg/mL Intravenous Solution
NCT04322773
tocilizumab 400 mg
NCT04322773
tocilizumab 2 x 162 mg
NCT04479358
Tocilizumab 40mg
5 more recorded rows
humanNCT04479358
Tocilizumab 120mg
humanNCT06426160
Tocilizumab 20 MG/ML [Actemra]
humanNCT06818266
Tocilizumab (RoActemra®, 20 mg/mL).
humanNCT06927375
Tocilizumab(400mg) combined with Flupentixol Melitracen(0.5mg:10mg)
humanNCT06927375
Tocilizumab(400mg)
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Tocilizumab's half-life is 21.5 days — which schedules were studied?
21.5 days, the half-life Tocilizumab's label states. openfda-label · 581c288f-8015-40ef-a4c3-683c96db193d · 2026-08-30
Show the evidence
half life
21.5 days; At high serum concentrations, when total clearance of tocilizumab is dominated by linear clearance, a terminal half-life of approximately 21.5 days was derived from the population parameter estimates.
tmax
In RA patients the median values of T max were 2.8 days after the tocilizumab every week dose and 4.7 days after the tocilizumab every other week dose.
metabolism
Accordingly, inhibition of IL-6 signaling in RA patients treated with tocilizumab may restore CYP450 activities to higher levels than those in the absence of tocilizumab leading to increased metabolism of drugs that are CYP450 substrates.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which of 1 adverse event, a cv eac adjudicated event before last direct contact date and a cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis did Tocilizumab's trials measure?
1 adverse event, a cv eac adjudicated event before last direct contact date and a cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis lead 40 outcome terms across Tocilizumab's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
small low density lipoprotein particle numbers, 1 adverse event, at least one adverse event, serum progesterone level, glucagon like peptide 1 and an american college of rheumatology 20 response at week 24 follow.
Show the evidence
american college of rheumatology acr20 response
1
modified total sharp genant at week 52
1
modified total sharp genant at week 104
1
small low density lipoprotein particle numbers
1
1 adverse event
1
at least one adverse event
1
14 more recorded rows
serum progesterone level
1
glucagon like peptide 1
1
an american college of rheumatology 20 response at week 24
1
time to first cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis
1
a cv eac adjudicated event sensitivity analysis
1
a cv eac adjudicated event before last direct contact date
1
adverse events or serious aes
1
adverse events as a measure of safety and tolerability
1
remission at week 24 from baseline according to cdai
1
remission at week 24 after dose reduction according to cdai
1
pd signals predict relapse at week 16
1
adverse events and serious aes
1
any adverse event
1
treatment emergent adverse events and serious adverse events
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which of Tocilizumab's 103 ongoing trials reports first?
All-cause mortality; Part I and II: Percentage of Participants With Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs); latest 2042-07
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT02735707
"Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia"; n 20000; "All-cause mortality"; 2028-02
NCT03075696
"A Dose Escalation Study of Glofitamab (RO7082859) as a Single Agent and in Combination With Obinutuzumab, Administered After a Fixed, Single Pre-treatment Dose of Obinutuzumab in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Non-hodgkin's Lymphoma"; n 940; "Part I and II: Percentage of Participants With Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)"; 2029-03-30
NCT03424005
"A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Treatment Combinations in Patients With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Breast Cancer"; n 1132; "Objective Response Rate (ORR)"; 2030-09-30
NCT03448042
"A Study of Runimotamab in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic HER2-Expressing Cancers"; n 123; "Percentage of Participants with Adverse Events"; 2027-04-30
NCT03511118
"Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Commonly Used Drugs in Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants"; n 1600; "M/P ratio"; 2028-07-31
NCT03533283
"An Open-Label Phase lB/II Study of Glofitamab and Atezolizumab or Polatuzumab Vedotin in Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma"; n 211; "Best Objective Response Rate (ORR) as Measured by Independent Review Committee (IRC)"; 2026-10-16
14 further recorded trials
NCT03564340
"Study of REGN4018 (Ubamatamab) Administered Alone or in Combination With Cemiplimab in Adult Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer or Other Recurrent Mucin-16 Expressing (MUC16+) Cancers"; n 890; "Number of participants with Dose-limiting toxicity (DLTs) for ubamatamab monotherapy"; 2027-05-10
NCT03671018
"A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Mosunetuzumab (BTCT4465A) in Combination With Polatuzumab Vedotin in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"; n 422; "Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Mosunetuzumab in Combination with Polatuzumab Vedotin"; 2025-07-20
NCT03708224
"Preoperative Immunotherapy in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck"; n 55; "Proportion of subjects with a >= 40% increase in the cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) counts"; 2027-07-31
NCT03821246
"Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab-Based Combination Therapy in Men With Localized Prostate Cancer Prior to Radical Prostatectomy"; n 68; "Proportion of subjects who demonstrate a positive response to neoadjuvant atezolizumab and atezolizumab-based combination therapy for each Cohort of the study"; 2027-04-30
NCT03867617
"Cell Therapy for Immunomodulation in Kidney Transplantation"; n 12; "Safety measured as GVHD (graft-versus-host disease), impaired graft function or patient death"; 2028-06
NCT03970226
"Tocilizumab in Children With ACP"; n 9; "Phase 0: Presence of Tocilizumab and Metabolites"; 2027-05
NCT03999749
"A Phase II Study of the Interleukin-6 Receptor Inhibitor Tocilizumab in Combination With Ipilimumab and Nivolumab in Patients With Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV Melanoma"; n 71; "Percentage of Participants With Grades 3-5 Treatment Related Immune Related Adverse Events (irAEs)"; 2030-04-07
NCT04007029
"Modified Immune Cells (CD19/CD20 CAR-T Cells) in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma or Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia"; n 24; "Incidence of adverse events"; 2028-08-01
NCT04077723
"A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Anti-Tumor Activity of Englumafusp Alfa in Combination With Obinutuzumab and in Combination With Glofitamab Following a Pre-Treatment Dose of Obinutuzumab in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma"; n 498; "Nature and frequency of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs)"; 2027-03-31
NCT04088396
"A Study of Baricitinib (LY3009104) in Participants From 1 Year to Less Than 18 Years Old With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA)"; n 58; "Percentage of Participants Achieving Adapted Pediatric American College of Rheumatology 30 Responder Index (PediACR30) Response Criteria at Week 12"; 2026-10
NCT04246086
"A Study Evaluating the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of Mosunetuzumab + Lenalidomide (+Len), and the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of SC Versus IV Mosunetuzumab + Len in Participants With Follicular Lymphoma"; n 237; "Dose-Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)"; 2030-09-06
NCT04278404
"Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Profile of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care (POPS)"; n 5000; "Clearance (CL) or apparent oral clearance (CL/F) as measured by PK sampling"; 2026-12
NCT04300686
"A Pilot Study in Severe Patients With Takayasu Arteritis."; n 40; "Disease remission at 24 weeks."; 2023-12-31
NCT04375228
"Study of Rituximab or Tocilizumab for Patients With Steroid-Dependent Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs)"; n 7; "Percentage of Participants to Discontinue Steroid Treatment After Rituximab"; 2026-12
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q9
Which running trial of Tocilizumab could settle lifespan?
NCT05207670 measures Progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 24 months after the first study treatment (Cohorts A1, A2, and B), reading out 2027-07-31.
6 open trials; n 320; "A Study Evaluating the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Mosunetuzumab Monotherapy in Participants With Select B-Cell Malignancies"
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT05207670
"A Study Evaluating the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Mosunetuzumab Monotherapy in Participants With Select B-Cell Malignancies"; n 320; "Progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 24 months after the first study treatment (Cohorts A1, A2, and B)"; 2027-07-31
NCT02735707
"Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia"; n 20000; "All-cause mortality"; 2028-02
NCT04408638
"A Phase III Study Evaluating Glofitamab in Combination With Gemcitabine + Oxaliplatin vs Rituximab in Combination With Gemcitabine + Oxaliplatin in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma"; n 270; "Overall survival (OS), defined as the time from randomization to date of death from any cause"; 2028-03-31
NCT06084936
"A Study to Evaluate Glofitamab as a Single Agent vs. Investigator's Choice in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma"; n 182; "Progression-free survival (PFS)"; 2028-03-31
NCT06381661
"Adaptive Platform Trial for Personnalisation of Sepsis Treatment in Children and Adults: a Multi-national, Treatable Traits-guided, Adaptive, Exploratory, Bayesian Basket Trial"; n 2000; "All-cause mortality"; 2031-07-09
NCT04381936
"Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy"; n 70000; "Community-acquired pneumonia: All-cause mortality (with subsidiary analyses of cause of death and of death at various timepoints following discharge)"; 2038-09-30
Q10
Which 91 trials of Tocilizumab posted no result?
Posted no result
91 of 91 completed trials
Registrations
NCT01211834, NCT01242488, NCT01245452, NCT01256736, NCT01491074 and NCT01120366, and 85 more
Completion dates
oldest 2010-10; newest 2024-08-09
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT01211834
2010-10
NCT01242488
2012-06
NCT01245452
2013-06
NCT01256736
2013-11
NCT01491074
2014-04
NCT01120366
2014-12
14 further recorded trials
NCT02721004
2014-12
NCT02097524
2015-04
NCT02888496
2015-06
NCT01297699
2015-12
NCT02534311
2015-12-01
NCT02404558
2016-03
NCT04157010
2016-03-29
NCT01073826
2016-06
NCT02678988
2016-06
NCT02797769
2016-06-02
NCT02234960
2016-07
NCT01904292
2017-06-13
NCT01455701
2017-07-13
NCT02552940
2017-10-23
Q11
At the median, Tocilizumab's trials enrolled 71 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
71
Largest enrolment
70000
Registered trials counted
387
Q12
What do 55055 spontaneous reports say about Tocilizumab — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Tocilizumab appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 55055 reaction mentions were counted: rheumatoid arthritis 9682; pain 7155; arthralgia 5644; joint swelling 5588. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL1237022 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
rheumatoid arthritis
9682
pain
7155
arthralgia
5644
joint swelling
5588
fatigue
5443
drug intolerance
5175
4 more recorded rows
rash
4712
treatment failure
4571
synovitis
3544
drug hypersensitivity
3541
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q13
Tocilizumab and CYP3A4, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6: shared by which compounds?
CYP3A4, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 appear in Tocilizumab's recorded interaction sentences, 15 in all. openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-08-30
Interpretation pharmacokinetics
Show the evidence
CYP1A2pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
CYP2B6pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
CYP2C19
pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
pharmacokinetics
Omeprazole Omeprazole is a CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 substrate.
CYP2C8pharmacokinetics
Its effect on CYP2C8 or transporters (e.g., P-gp) is unknown.
CYP2C9pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
CYP2D6
pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
pharmacokinetics
Dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan is a CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 substrate.
CYP3A4
pharmacokinetics
Drug Interaction Studies In vitro data suggested that IL-6 reduced mRNA expression for several CYP450 isoenzymes including CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and this reduced expression was reversed by co-incubation with tocilizumab at clinically relevant concentrations.
pharmacokinetics
Selection of a particular dose of simvastatin in RA patients should take into account the potentially lower exposures that may result after initiation of TOFIDENCE, (due to normalization of CYP3A4) or higher exposures after discontinuation of TOFIDENCE.
pharmacokinetics
Caution should be exercised when TOFIDENCE is coadministered with drugs where decrease in effectiveness is undesirable, e.g., oral contraceptives (CYP3A4 substrates) [see Drug Interactions (7.2) ] .
pharmacokinetics
Simvastatin Simvastatin is a CYP3A4 and OATP1B1 substrate.
pharmacokinetics
Omeprazole Omeprazole is a CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 substrate.
pharmacokinetics
Dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan is a CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 substrate.
1 more recorded row
CYP3A4pharmacokinetics
However, exposure to its metabolite, dextrorphan (a CYP3A4 substrate), was a fraction of that observed in healthy subjects.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q14
Was Tocilizumab studied with exercise?
exercise is named in Tocilizumab's label sentences: "In the latter study, obese human subjects with or without type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to recurrent placebo or intravenous tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor antibody) administration during a 12-week exercise training intervention." openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-08-30
1 recorded statement; exercise
Show the evidence
exercise
In the latter study, obese human subjects with or without type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to recurrent placebo or intravenous tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor antibody) administration during a 12-week exercise training intervention.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q15
What is recorded about Tocilizumab and mTOR?
"Sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is a potential therapeutic option for tocilizumab-resistant cases based on its mechanism of action and preliminary case reports." — where Tocilizumab and mTOR appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-06-15
"Sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is a potential therapeutic option for tocilizumab-resistant cases based on its mechanism of action and preliminary case reports."
AMPKPMID 42325941
"Targeted interventions show efficacy: tocilizumab (anti-IL-6R) reduces M1 infiltration and urinary albumin; paeoniflorin upregulates IL-10 via KLF4 to induce M2; SGLT2 inhibitors enhance IL-22/AMPK signaling; astragaloside IV promotes IL-4/PPARγ to stabilize M2 polarization, all alleviating inflammation and fibrosis."
autophagyPMID 40612947
"Clinical studies demonstrate that TNF-α inhibitors (etanercept, infliximab), IL-6 blockade (tocilizumab), and autophagy modulators effectively reduce flares and inflammation in treatment-resistant GA."
mTORPMID 39334882
"Treatment with the IL-6 inhibitor tocilizumab, which previously has been shown to inhibit EAC organoid growth, resulted in the activation of AMPK in the OE33 EAC cell line, which was accompanied by a decrease in MTORC1 signaling and an increase in oxidative mitochondrial metabolism, both known downstream effects of AMPK activation to promote cell survival under conditions of metabolic stress."
AMPKPMID 39334882
"Treatment with the IL-6 inhibitor tocilizumab, which previously has been shown to inhibit EAC organoid growth, resulted in the activation of AMPK in the OE33 EAC cell line, which was accompanied by a decrease in MTORC1 signaling and an increase in oxidative mitochondrial metabolism, both known downstream effects of AMPK activation to promote cell survival under conditions of metabolic stress."
mTORPMID 40463417
"Future directions for the use of belatacept need further exploration, including its role in rescuing poor renal function, its combination with low-dose CNIs, mTOR inhibitors, or tocilizumab, and its application in desensitization protocols."
autophagy
PMID 27163161
"Moreover, tocilizumab inhibits autophagy by promoting tumor apoptosis."
PMID 33490193
"Pharmacological blocking of IL-6 by tocilizumab (antibody against IL-6 receptor) and pharmacological/genetic inhibition of JAK/STAT3 pathway by ruxolitinib/C188-9 (JAK/STAT3 inhibitor) and STAT3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentivirus in tibialis anterior muscles could suppress muscle atrophy and inhibit mitophagy, and was accompanied by the decreased expression of atrophic genes (<i>MuRF1</i> and…"
AMPKPMID 25345753
"These strategies include: approaches targeting IKK-b-NF-kB (salicylates, salsalate), TNF-α (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab), IL-1β (anakinra, canakinumab) and IL-6 (tocilizumab), AMP-activated protein kinase activators, sirtuin-1 activators, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 antagonists."
sirtuinPMID 25345753
"These strategies include: approaches targeting IKK-b-NF-kB (salicylates, salsalate), TNF-α (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab), IL-1β (anakinra, canakinumab) and IL-6 (tocilizumab), AMP-activated protein kinase activators, sirtuin-1 activators, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 antagonists."
recorded 2026-06-15 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
ChEMBL ATC CC BY-SA · ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · Open Targets 26.06 — CC0 · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md · openFDA / DailyMed — US Government work
✗ required summary fields resolved: 5 required field(s) not terminal: Why people use it, Best-supported result, Most important common problem, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
✓ public claims reviewed: 0 reviewed claim(s); drafts are never rendered
✓ source coverage passed: 11 source rows
✓ no critical contamination: no quarantine open
✓ canonical metadata passed: slug and display name present
✓ no raw internal fields: enforced by the copy-contract test over the rendered page
This is a record of evidence. It is not medical advice, and it does not say this substance suits you. Nothing here says any substance on RNAWiki is appropriate for a child.