Its recorded molecular formula is C6H11NOS2, weighing 177.3.
PubChem record · 5350 · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
No plain explanation of what this changes is stored.
No recorded use is stored in reader language.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 26 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Formulation
A formulation is the exact made-up form a substance comes in.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like the difference between a whole bean and instant coffee.
Where that stops being true. Coffee tastes different. A formulation can change how much reaches the blood.
What people get wrong. Two products with the same name are assumed to behave the same. They often do not.
The specific composition and physical form of a product, including salt, excipients and release profile.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Depressive symptoms assessed by HAMD-17
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05529576
How many people
600
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Helicobacter pylori eradication
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT03220542
How many people
360
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Total Score
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT07360977
How many people
300
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
2-year conversion rate of psychosis
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT03932136
How many people
300
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Effect of Treatment on Levels of Air Toxics Mercapturic Acids Over Intervention Period
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01437501
How many people
291
Study design
Phase 2
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Recurrence Free Survival
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT07391137
How many people
250
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
□Living longer, or avoiding a major eventNo evidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.0 registered measures of this kind. 1 written-up study measured this and did not show a benefit.
■What a body can do day to dayEvidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.1 registered measure of this kind.
■Measured performanceEvidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.1 registered measure of this kind.
■Symptoms and quality of lifeEvidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.1 registered measure of this kind.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.1 registered measure of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in C. elegans (roundworm), Drosophila (fruit fly), Mouse, Rat. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
clinical global impression severity scale
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
inflammatory markers
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
functional capacity
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (8)
social impairments of children autism spectrum disorder
helicobacter pylori eradication
womac
aberrant behavior checklist
social responsiveness scale
an adverse event
lipids
cardiac function
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
No description of who was studied is recorded.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf.
On this record: This record is linked to 1 related forms. Evidence does not carry across all of them.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (9)
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Varies by country
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No form or route is recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
Not usually supervised: sold as a supplement or food ingredient where recorded. That is a legal category, not a safety judgement.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing is recorded about product quality.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
The exact form studied is not recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
8 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
What was measured, goal by goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
How this medicine reached us — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (10)
Q1
What did Sulforaphane's largest trial (360 people) and its longest (10 years) measure?
360 people in Sulforaphane's largest registered study, 10 years in its longest registered window, measuring Concentration of sulforaphane, alliin and their metabolites in prostate tissue as measured by mass spectrometry. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
17 phase2, 15 na, 4 phase1, 2 phase3, 2 phase4, 1 early phase1; NCT02677051; 2026-03. Last human test completed 2025, NCT05797506.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Sulforaphane was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase2
17
na
15
phase1
4
phase3
2
phase4
2
early phase1
1
1 more recorded row
Last recorded human testNCT05797506
2025-12-31
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From C. elegans to human: where has Sulforaphane shown lifespan?
Interpretation Concentration of sulforaphane, alliin and their metabolites in prostate tissue as measured by mass spectrometry — the recorded outcome words.
Show the evidence
C. elegans
lifespan
Drosophila
lifespan
mouse
lifespan
rat
mechanism-only
humanNCT04046653
biomarker; Concentration of sulforaphane, alliin and their metabolites in prostate tissue as measured by mass spectrometry; 38
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q3
3 of Sulforaphane's trials stopped: accrual/recruitment, sponsor decision unspecified, other?
accrual/recruitment (1), sponsor decision unspecified (1) and other (1): Sulforaphane's stop wording, clustered. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
"For administrative reasons, we started a new study"; 3 of 38 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT03126539
terminated; "For administrative reasons, we started a new study"
NCT05408559
withdrawn; "Had issue enrolling subjects."
NCT07047976
withdrawn; "Study terminated prior to full implementation due to logistical and resource-related considerations. Study procedures and feasibility are currently being re-evaluated, and a revised protocol is under development for future implementation."
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
More Sulforaphane was worse in human: at what point?
Hormetic in human: "The clearest transcriptional responses were detoxification pathways, which, together with the shape of the dose-response curve, indicates a likely hormetic response to sulforaphane." Europe PMC · dose-response search · 2025-07-04
5 recorded sentences naming Sulforaphane; hormetic
Show the evidence
hormetic
"The clearest transcriptional responses were detoxification pathways, which, together with the shape of the dose-response curve, indicates a likely hormetic response to sulforaphane."
PMID 40686501
"Together, preclinical models and clinical trials highlight emerging themes of sulforaphane-mediated neuroprotection, including hormetic responses that depend upon the cell/tissue, neurological condition, insult, and developmental stage."
PMID 39063113
"The hormetic behavior of sulforaphane was also evident after evaluating the expression of genes coding for Nrf2, SOD2, and changes in apoptosis markers."
PMID 38992004
"Natural compounds are extensively studied regarding their potential to alter the efficacy of cancer treatment Among them sulforaphane - an isothiocyanate of natural origin, was shown to be a hormetic compound, that may exert divergent effects: cytoprotective or cytotoxic depending on its concentrations."
PMID 33160067
"In numerous experimental models, sulforaphane (SFN) is shown herein to induce hormetic dose responses that are not only common but display endpoints of biomedical and clinical relevance."
recorded 2025-07-04 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
Could one person measure Sulforaphane's effect on clinical global impression severity scale?
Clinical global impression severity scale: measured in Sulforaphane's trials.
Interpretation clinical global impression severity scale is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
clinical global impression severity scale; 2026-09-01
social impairments of children autism spectrum disorder; 2026-09-01
helicobacter pylori eradication; 2026-09-01
womac; 2026-09-01
aberrant behavior checklist; 2026-09-01
social responsiveness scale; 2026-09-01
5 more recorded rows
biomarkers
an adverse event; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
lipids; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
inflammatory markers; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
cardiac function; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
functional capacity; 2026-09-01
human trials at or under30
14
Not recorded for this substance
a recorded half-life
smallest human trial
0; NCT05408559; PHASE1/PHASE2; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q6
Which of aberrant behavior checklist, an adverse event and cardiac function did Sulforaphane's trials measure?
aberrant behavior checklist, an adverse event and cardiac function lead 11 outcome terms across Sulforaphane's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Interpretation womac, aberrant behavior checklist, social responsiveness scale, an adverse event, lipids and inflammatory markers follow.
Show the evidence
clinical global impression severity scale
1
social impairments of children autism spectrum disorder
1
helicobacter pylori eradication
1
womac
1
aberrant behavior checklist
1
social responsiveness scale
1
5 more recorded rows
an adverse event
1
lipids
1
inflammatory markers
1
cardiac function
1
functional capacity
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which of Sulforaphane's 10 ongoing trials reports first?
Change in Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) scores.; keratin 16 presence as determined by immunofluorescence assay; latest 2029-08-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT02677051
"Sulforaphane in a New Jersey (NJ) Population of Individuals With Autism"; n 48; "Change in Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) scores."; 2026-03
NCT03730649
"Effect of Topical Sulforaphane on Skin Aging and With Ultraviolet and Visible Light Exposure"; n 12; "keratin 16 presence as determined by immunofluorescence assay"; 2026-10
NCT03932136
"Decreasing Risk of Psychosis by Sulforaphane (DROPS Trial)"; n 300; "2-year conversion rate of psychosis"; 2026-12-31
NCT03934905
"Protective Effects of the Nutritional Supplement Sulforaphane on Doxorubicin-Associated Cardiac Dysfunction"; n 70; "Change in cardiac function after DOX therapy with or without sulforaphane through diagnostic studies"; 2029-06-01
NCT04805957
"Validation Digital Bio-markers During Sulforaphane Treatment."; n 10; "Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC)"; 2027-06-01
NCT05653492
"Safety, Feasibility, and Tolerability of Sulforaphane in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease"; n 12; "mean half life of drug in blood"; 2025-12-31
4 further recorded trials
NCT06594536
"Study of the Efficacy of Sulforaphane in Children Aged 6 to 12 With Attention Deficit Disorder With or Without Hyperactivity"; n 70; "Inattention scores in ADHD-RS parents"; 2026-09-01
NCT07040280
"Testing the Effect of Sulforaphane, a Compound Naturally Found in Cruciferous Vegetables, on Preventing Melanoma in Patients With a Prior History of Melanoma"; n 120; "Changes in the total area of nevi after 12 months of treatment from the baseline between sulforaphane and placebo arms"; 2029-08-01
NCT07297576
"Safety and Feasibility of Sulforaphane to Promote Early Haematopoietic Recovery After Cord Blood Transplantation"; n 36; "Assessment of the occurrence of adverse events, including non-haematological adverse events of grade 3 or higher"; 2027-06
NCT07652866
"Mechanisms of Sulforaphane Supplementation in Alleviating Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia"; n 60; "Change from baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative subscale score"; 2028-12-31
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which 9 trials of Sulforaphane posted no result?
Posted no result
9 of 9 completed trials
Registrations
NCT02654743, NCT02880462, NCT02879110, NCT04046653, NCT02801448 and NCT03878368, and 3 more
Completion dates
oldest 2016-09; newest 2023-01-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT02654743
2016-09
NCT02880462
2019-05-20
NCT02879110
2019-07
NCT04046653
2020-01-12
NCT02801448
2020-06
NCT03878368
2021-12-01
3 further recorded trials
NCT05146804
2022-02-03
NCT04521868
2022-08-12
NCT05233579
2023-01-01
Q9
At the median, Sulforaphane's trials enrolled 45.5 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
45.5
Largest enrolment
360
Registered trials counted
38
Q10
What is recorded about Sulforaphane and AMPK?
"Synthetic classes—including SGLT2 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones—attenuate ROS via mitochondrial stabilization and NOX enzyme suppression, while natural compounds such as resveratrol and sulforaphane activate AMPK–SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways." — where Sulforaphane and AMPK appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-08-07
"Synthetic classes—including SGLT2 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones—attenuate ROS via mitochondrial stabilization and NOX enzyme suppression, while natural compounds such as resveratrol and sulforaphane activate AMPK–SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways."
sirtuinPMID 41264164
"Synthetic classes—including SGLT2 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones—attenuate ROS via mitochondrial stabilization and NOX enzyme suppression, while natural compounds such as resveratrol and sulforaphane activate AMPK–SIRT1 and Nrf2 pathways."
autophagyPMID 41275316
"Sulforaphane may serve as an efficacious and safe adjunctive therapy for ASD, mediated by its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects along with the modulation of autophagy."
AMPKPMID 42653741
"Mechanistic evidence indicates that sulforaphane exerts pleiotropic metabolic effects through activation of the Nrf2 and AMPK pathways, suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammation, improvement of mitochondrial function, promotion of thermogenesis and adipose tissue browning, regulation of lipid metabolism, and modulation of gut microbiota composition."
mTORPMID 41535692
"Sulforaphane (SFN), a well-known ICAM-1 inhibitor, significantly contributed to the enhancement of anticancer effect of CQ, through regulation of both AKT/GSK-3β and mTOR/ULK pathways, which led to effective inhibition of autophagy, reduced proliferation level or inhibition of migration of the analyzed bladder cells."
autophagyPMID 41535692
"Sulforaphane (SFN), a well-known ICAM-1 inhibitor, significantly contributed to the enhancement of anticancer effect of CQ, through regulation of both AKT/GSK-3β and mTOR/ULK pathways, which led to effective inhibition of autophagy, reduced proliferation level or inhibition of migration of the analyzed bladder cells."
6 more recorded rows
mTORPMID 39291655
"Moreover, sulforaphane triggered the ferroptosis of HCT-116 cells by activating the SIRT3/AMPK/mTOR axis."
AMPKPMID 39291655
"Moreover, sulforaphane triggered the ferroptosis of HCT-116 cells by activating the SIRT3/AMPK/mTOR axis."
sirtuinPMID 39291655
"Moreover, sulforaphane triggered the ferroptosis of HCT-116 cells by activating the SIRT3/AMPK/mTOR axis."
mTORPMID 39291655
"SIRT3 triggered SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in HCT-116 cells, reducing cell viability by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway, and sulforaphane targets it to inhibit colorectal cancer."
sirtuinPMID 39291655
"SIRT3 triggered SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in HCT-116 cells, reducing cell viability by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway, and sulforaphane targets it to inhibit colorectal cancer."
autophagyPMID 41708791
"Local delivery of sulforaphane via exosomes effectively reverses chemotherapy-induced spermatogenic failure through modulation of oxidative stress and autophagy, promoting germ cell regeneration."
recorded 2026-08-07 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md
✗ required summary fields resolved: 3 required field(s) not terminal: Best-supported result, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
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✓ source coverage passed: 7 source rows
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