This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Rivastigmine does in the body
Dementia of the Alzheimer’s type
From the FDA-approved label: Although the precise mechanism of action of rivastigmine is unknown, it is thought to exert its therapeutic effect by enhancing cholinergic function. This is accomplished by increasing the concentration of acetylcholine through reversible inhibition of its hydrolysis by cholinesterase. Therefore, the effect of rivastigmine may lessen as the disease process advances and fewer cholinergic neurons remain functionally intact. There is no evidence that rivastigmine alters the course of the underlying dementing process.
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
What the registries record it as
The substance registry classes this as chemical.
FDA substance registry · PKI06M3IW0 · read 2026-08-29
Its recorded molecular formula is C14H22N2O2, weighing 250.34 g/mol.
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
Where each sentence above came from
No recorded sentence describes the change this makes in a way that stands on its own. The page opens with what it is taken for instead, and the recorded explanation follows below.
Shown as the opening line on this page.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 94 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Protein
A protein is a folded chain your body builds to do a specific job.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A protein is like a tool bent into one shape for one task.
Where that stops being true. A tool keeps its shape. A protein can change shape and stop working.
What people get wrong. Protein in food and a protein in the body are related but not the same thing.
A polymer of amino acids folded into a defined structure that determines its function.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What was measured, goal by goal
One row for each goal a registered study measured something for. One column for each kind of thing that could be measured.
Registered studies list 12 outcome measures that RNAWiki could read. A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. 0 of the matched studies tested this substance, and 0 posted a result.
There is no single score. A strong test result and a weak life result are different facts.
Goals down the side, kinds of measurement across the top. Each cell says what kind of thing was registered, not what was found.
Goal
Life outcome
What a body can do
How a person feels
A test result
A step in the body
Harms
How long
Who was studied
Focus
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Which registered measures put each goal on this table
Focus
attention network effects; alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale; montreal cognitive assessment
Sorted by fixed word lists, version v1. A name the rules do not recognise stays unsorted rather than moving to the nearest column.
What each mark on this table means
∅ Nothing in the sources checked
No registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
— Not recorded
Harms were not a registered measure for this goal.
… Waiting for a reviewer
Who was studied is listed further down the page.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
survival free of discontinuation or alternative prevention drug (migraine trial)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT02670161
How many people
3300
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Change From Baseline in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) Subscale at Week 48 of Double Blind Period
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00506415
How many people
1584
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Change From Baseline in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) Total Score at Week 48, as a Function of APOE ε4 Status in APOE4 Negatives Cohort
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00348140
How many people
1468
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
What a body can do day to day
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Dementia Management Quality Measurement Set
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05669365
How many people
1227
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
The primary outcome is a combination of complete BADL dependency in bathing and dressing and/or institutionalization or death at 2 years after randomization.
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT03454646
How many people
1205
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
New Occurrence in Dementia Care-A Composite Endpoint Including New Cognitive Diagnoses, Laboratory Investigations Related to Cognitive Impairment, New Dementia Prescriptions, and Cognitive Related Referrals.
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT03816644
How many people
1201
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Transdermal
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
■Living longer, or avoiding a major eventEvidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.1 registered measure of this kind. 2 written-up studies measured this and did not show a benefit.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
■Symptoms and quality of lifeEvidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.1 registered measure of this kind.
□A number that stands in for healthNo evidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.No registered study measures this.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in C. elegans (roundworm), Mouse, Rat. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
□Cells in a dishNo evidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.No cell or bench record is stored.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
quality of life
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
adverse events serious adverse events and death
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (10)
boost in language learning success through neuromodulation
duration of delirium
bioequivalence based on cmax and auc parameters
attention network effects
discontinuation rates
alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale
assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events
treatment emergent adverse events and serious adverse events
montreal cognitive assessment
glasgow coma scale
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How long anything takes
Nine different lengths of time that get confused with each other. None of them is worked out from another.
Before anything is noticed.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before a test result moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before performance moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
How long the result was watched.No finished study window is recorded for a study that tested this substance.
How long people took it.How long people actually took it is not stored. The study window is not the same thing.
How long people were followed.Follow-up length is not stored separately. It is never read off the study window, which would be a different thing.
How fast the body clears it. 3 hours hours
Read from the label, which states: “The apparent elimination half-life in plasma is approximately 3 hours after patch removal.”
How long effects linger.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Beyond the studies. Nothing is recorded about the long term.
The longest finished study sets the edge of what anyone measured.
A study window is not how long people took it, and neither is how long they were followed. Where RNAWiki holds only one of the three, it shows one.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
Rivastigmine transdermal system is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor indicated for treatment of: Mild, moderate, and severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (AD). (1.1) Mild-to-moderate dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). (1.2) 1.1 Alzheimer’s Disease Rivastigmine transdermal system is indicated for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (AD).
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What the label states about particular groups
On pediatric, the label states: “Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.”
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
On older people, the label states: “Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of EXELON PATCH, 88% were 65 years and over, while 55% were 75 years.”
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are pregnant, the label states: “Risk Summary There are no adequate data on the developmental risks associated with the use of EXELON in pregnant women.”
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are breastfeeding, the label states: “Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of rivastigmine in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects of rivastigmine on milk production.”
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
On people with reduced liver function, the label states: “Increased exposure to rivastigmine was observed in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment with oral rivastigmine.”
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Prescription only
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Transdermal
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
No register row and no identity class settled the question.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Sold as film, extended release, capsule, solution, patch, extended release, given by the transdermal, oral route.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold and what that means for what is in the pack.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Reports sent to a regulator
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Rivastigmine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 2904 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
The recorded terms (10)
fall — 471 reaction mentions
confusional state — 408 reaction mentions
vomiting — 369 reaction mentions
bradycardia — 361 reaction mentions
syncope — 279 reaction mentions
hallucination — 217 reaction mentions
agitation — 210 reaction mentions
drug interaction — 205 reaction mentions
loss of consciousness — 199 reaction mentions
aggression — 185 reaction mentions
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Transdermal
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
97 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. 97 of them contain it and nothing else.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72162-1608 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as capsule, liquid, patch, patch, extended release and powder, taken oral and transdermal.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72162-1608 · read 2026-08-29
The regulator's established pharmacologic class for it is cholinesterase inhibitor [epc] and cholinesterase inhibitors [moa].
FDA National Drug Code directory · 72162-1608 · read 2026-08-29
29 published labels name it as an active ingredient. 29 of them describe this substance alone, which is where its own label text on this page comes from.
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human prescription drug.
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-29
Exelon is transdermal at 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS EXELON PATCH is available in 3 strengths., recorded as fda label in effect 2024-05-08 in the United States.
US prescribing information · 07c12e14-bbd5-4ec8-84e4-fbe7b5ba10e0 · read 2026-08-30
Recorded price in US: 0.14935–1.82841 USD per one unit as the pricing file counts it — a tablet, capsule, patch or single item, across 66 priced products whose strengths and pack forms differ, as of 2026-08-26, paid by retail pharmacies buying the product, as surveyed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. It is not a list price, an insurance price, or what anyone pays at a counter..
Recorded source · 2026-08-26 · read 2026-08-28
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
This one is decided with a clinician, so this section holds questions to ask rather than a plan to run.
RNAWiki could not confidently classify this substance, so no self-experiment plan is offered.
Questions worth asking
Which of the trials of Rivastigmine studied people like me?
What was measured, and for how long?
Was the result a laboratory value or a health outcome?
What would we watch for, and when would we stop?
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki records evidence. It does not say whether this substance is right for you.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Rivastigmine are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
No reviewed mechanism story exists for this substance.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
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28 documents were read for this substance.
RNAWiki source record
12 of them state the same bioavailability, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
12 of them state the same tMax, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
28 of them state the same proteinBinding, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
28 of them state the same volumeOfDistribution, and they agree.
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Where else this substance is registered
FDA substance identifier (UNII)
PKI06M3IW0
RxNorm concept
725021
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How this medicine reached us
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What the approval register records
20 approved applications cover products containing this substance. The earliest was NDA020823, approved 20000421 to NOVARTIS.
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5 questions this page could not answer
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Recorded evidence blocks (12)
Q1
What did Rivastigmine's largest trial (1584 people) and its longest (15 years) measure?
1584 people in Rivastigmine's largest registered study, 15 years in its longest registered window, measuring Change in cognition from baseline at week 24. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
18 phase4, 14 phase3, 9 phase1, 7 na, 7 phase2, 1 early phase1, 1 na or unstated; NCT00223691; 2017-01. Last human test completed 2026, NCT07545382.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Rivastigmine was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase4
18
phase3
14
phase1
9
na
7
phase2
7
early phase1
1
2 more recorded rows
na or unstated
1
Last recorded human testNCT07545382
2026-04-15
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From C. elegans to human: where has Rivastigmine shown lifespan?
safety (1), accrual/recruitment (2), sponsor decision unspecified (1) and other (3): Rivastigmine's stop wording, clustered. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
"The Principal Investigator left the clinic and there was no one who could take over this study."; 7 of 55 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00134953
terminated; "The Principal Investigator left the clinic and there was no one who could take over this study."
NCT00599287
terminated; "Inclusion rate too low due to a lack of eligible patients and difficulties obtaining informed consent."
NCT00704301
terminated; "The study is prematurely terminated due to a safety issue"
NCT01362686
terminated; "Low study accrual caused the study to be ended early."
NCT01602198
terminated; "Study revised to use a different study medication and patient population."
NCT01856738
terminated; "enrollment to slow, insufficient funds"
1 further recorded trialNCT06399679
suspended; "Physostigmine (standard of care treatment under this protocol) became unavailable at the study site June 1st 2026, requiring suspension of the study."
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Human studies of Rivastigmine used Rivastigmine patch (4.6 mg/day switch to 9.5 mg/day) — over how long?
10 recorded entries; human; patch; also "Rivastigmine patch (9.5 mg/day)", "Rivastigmine capsules (6 mg to 12 mg/day)", "Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm^2)"
Show the evidence
human
NCT00549601
patch; Rivastigmine patch (4.6 mg/day switch to 9.5 mg/day)
NCT00549601
patch; Rivastigmine patch (9.5 mg/day)
NCT00549601
Rivastigmine capsules (6 mg to 12 mg/day)
NCT00948766
Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm^2)
NCT00948766
Rivastigmine 9.5 mg/24 h (10 cm^2)
NCT00948766
Rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h (15 cm^2)
4 more recorded rows
humanNCT01030692
Rivastigmine 3 mg
humanNCT01030692
Rivastigmine 6 mg
humanNCT01146041
Exelon 1.5 mg
humanNCT01146067
Exelon 1.5 mg capsules
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
Rivastigmine's half-life is 3 hours — which schedules were studied?
3 hours, the half-life Rivastigmine's label states. openfda-label · 8b809739-8381-4cc1-ab4a-5b17ab902a3d · 2026-08-30
Show the evidence
half life
3 hours hours; The apparent elimination half-life in plasma is approximately 3 hours after patch removal.
metabolism
It has an apparent volume of distribution in the range of 1.8 to 2.7 L/kg. Metabolism Rivastigmine is extensively metabolized primarily via cholinesterase-mediated hydrolysis to the decarbamylated metabolite NAP226-90.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Could one person measure Rivastigmine's effect on boost in language learning success through neuromodulation?
Boost in language learning success through neuromodulation: measured in Rivastigmine's trials.
Interpretation boost in language learning success through neuromodulation is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
boost in language learning success through neuromodulation; 2026-09-01
duration of delirium; 2026-09-01
bioequivalence based on cmax and auc parameters; 2026-09-01
quality of life; 2026-09-01
attention network effects; 2026-09-01
discontinuation rates; 2026-09-01
6 more recorded rows
biomarkers
adverse events serious adverse events and death; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
treatment emergent adverse events and serious adverse events; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
montreal cognitive assessment; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
glasgow coma scale; 2026-09-01
half life
2026-09-04; halfLife; hours; 3 hours; 2026-08-30
human trials at or under30
9
smallest human trial
1; NCT01602198; NA; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; TERMINATED
Q7
Which of adverse events serious adverse events and death, alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale and assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events did Rivastigmine's trials measure?
adverse events serious adverse events and death, alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale and assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events lead 12 outcome terms across Rivastigmine's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Interpretation quality of life, attention network effects, discontinuation rates, adverse events serious adverse events and death, alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale and assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events follow.
Show the evidence
boost in language learning success through neuromodulation
1
duration of delirium
1
bioequivalence based on cmax and auc parameters
1
quality of life
1
attention network effects
1
discontinuation rates
1
6 more recorded rows
adverse events serious adverse events and death
1
alzheimer s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale
1
assessment of frequency and severity of adverse events
1
treatment emergent adverse events and serious adverse events
1
montreal cognitive assessment
1
glasgow coma scale
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which of Rivastigmine's 3 ongoing trials reports first?
Number of conditioned hallucinations exhibited during saline vs placebo administration; Time to control of agitation and delirium; latest 2032-08
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT04366518
"Toward a Computationally-Informed, Personalized Treatment for Hallucinations"; n 35; "Number of conditioned hallucinations exhibited during saline vs placebo administration"; 2032-08
NCT06382649
"Rivastigmine for Antimuscarinic Delirium"; n 42; "Time to control of agitation and delirium"; 2028-12
NCT06537076
"Safety and Efficacy of AR1005 in Patients with Lewy Body Disease"; n 60; "Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum Of Boxes (CDR-SOB) at Week 20"; 2025-12
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q9
Which 24 trials of Rivastigmine posted no result?
Posted no result
24 of 24 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00018278, NCT01146067, NCT01146041, NCT00219245, NCT00171795 and NCT00099216, and 18 more
Completion dates
oldest 2001-09; newest 2022-11-17
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00018278
2001-09
NCT01146067
2004-02
NCT01146041
2004-04
NCT00219245
2005-01
NCT00171795
2005-05
NCT00099216
2005-11
14 further recorded trials
NCT00104442
2006-04
NCT00130338
2006-05
NCT00158210
2007-03
NCT00669344
2008-02
NCT00627848
2008-12
NCT00624663
2009-04
NCT00748007
2009-12
NCT01073319
2010-07
NCT00767091
2012-01
NCT01183806
2012-03
NCT01348282
2014-03
NCT01030692
2014-06
NCT01677754
2015-06-12
NCT00223691
2017-01
Q10
At the median, Rivastigmine's trials enrolled 80 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
80
Largest enrolment
1584
Registered trials counted
53
Q11
What do 2904 spontaneous reports say about Rivastigmine — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Rivastigmine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 2904 reaction mentions were counted: fall 471; confusional state 408; vomiting 369; bradycardia 361. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL1201092 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
fall
471
confusional state
408
vomiting
369
bradycardia
361
syncope
279
hallucination
217
4 more recorded rows
agitation
210
drug interaction
205
loss of consciousness
199
aggression
185
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q12
Rivastigmine and CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19: shared by which compounds?
CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 appear in Rivastigmine's recorded interaction sentences, 8 in all. openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-08-30
Interpretation pharmacokinetics
Show the evidence
CYP1A2pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP2B6pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP2C19pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP2C8pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP2C9pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP2D6pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
2 more recorded rows
CYP2E1pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
CYP3A4pharmacokinetics
Based on in vitro studies, no pharmacokinetic drug interactions with drugs metabolized by the following isoenzyme systems are expected: CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, or CYP2B6.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · Open Targets 26.06 — CC0 · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md · openFDA / DailyMed — US Government work
✗ required summary fields resolved: 5 required field(s) not terminal: Why people use it, Best-supported result, Most important common problem, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
✓ public claims reviewed: 0 reviewed claim(s); drafts are never rendered
✓ source coverage passed: 9 source rows
✓ no critical contamination: no quarantine open
✓ canonical metadata passed: slug and display name present
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This is a record of evidence. It is not medical advice, and it does not say this substance suits you. Nothing here says any substance on RNAWiki is appropriate for a child.