This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Ensulizole does in the body
RNAWiki has not recorded what this substance changes in the body.
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
What the registries record it as
The substance registry classes this as chemical.
FDA substance registry · 9YQ9DI1W42 · read 2026-08-29
Its recorded molecular formula is C13H10N2O3S, weighing 274.3.
PubChem record · 33919 · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
No plain explanation of what this changes is stored.
No recorded use is stored in reader language.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 26 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Biomarker
A biomarker is a number from a test that stands in for something about health.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A biomarker is like a fuel gauge.
Where that stops being true. A gauge is wired to the tank. Many biomarkers are only loosely tied to health.
What people get wrong. A better number is read as a better life. Several medicines improved a number and helped nobody.
A measurable indicator used as a substitute for a clinical outcome of interest.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Determination of Sunscreen Protection Factor (SPF)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01001975
How many people
10
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Topical
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 1 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
□Living longer, or avoiding a major eventNo evidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.No registered study measures this.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
□Symptoms and quality of lifeNo evidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.No registered study measures this.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.3 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
□AnimalsNo evidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.No animal record is stored.
□Cells in a dishNo evidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.No cell or bench record is stored.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
inflammatory lesions counts at week 12
improve in the level of dna methylated
post inflammatory hyperpigmentation change
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (37)
melanin index
sunscreen use
sun burning
incidence of rash
h e staining
overall photodamage
appearance of fine lines/wrinkles
appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles
tactile roughness
mmasi at week 12
skin crepiness
skin elasticity
skin firmness
skin sagging
skin roughness
evenness of skin tone
evenness of skin redness
objective erythema parameters
visual analogue scale for forehead wrinkles
visual analogue scale for crow s feet wrinkles
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
Apply liberally 15 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply at least every 2 hours. Use a water resistant sunscreen if swimming or sweating. Sun Protection Measures. Spending time in the sun increases your risk of skin cancer and early skin aging.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Prescription only
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Topical
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
No register row and no identity class settled the question.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Sold as cream, lotion, given by the topical, cutaneous route.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold and what that means for what is in the pack.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Topical
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
13 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. None of them contains it on its own, so nothing on this page can separate it from what it is combined with.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 85772-0008 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as cream and lotion, taken cutaneous and topical.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 85772-0008 · read 2026-08-29
13 published labels name it as an active ingredient. None of them describes this substance alone, so no label text on this page can be attributed to it rather than to a combination.
US prescribing information · 473c241a-1258-1680-e063-6394a90a7d98 · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human otc drug.
US prescribing information · 473c241a-1258-1680-e063-6394a90a7d98 · read 2026-08-29
22310 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as botanical with nutrients, non-nutrient/non-botanical and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other, nutrient and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
7 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
What was measured, goal by goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (8)
Q1
What did Ensulizole's largest trial (924 people) and its longest (4.9 years) measure?
924 people in Ensulizole's largest registered study, 4.9 years in its longest registered window, measuring Incidence and severity of rash development by Skindex questionnaire. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
15 na, 5 phase2, 4 phase3, 2 early phase1, 2 phase1; NCT01874860; 2018-07. Last human test completed 2025, NCT06640244.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Ensulizole was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
na
15
phase2
5
phase3
4
early phase1
2
phase1
2
Last recorded human testNCT06640244
2025-11-13
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
Ensulizole was tested only in human — what did it show?
"Enrollment timeline ended"; 1 of 26 registered studies
Show the evidence
TrialNCT05327361
terminated; "Enrollment timeline ended"
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Could one person measure Ensulizole's effect on melanin index?
Melanin index: measured in Ensulizole's trials.
Interpretation melanin index is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
melanin index; 2026-09-01
sunscreen use; 2026-09-01
sun burning; 2026-09-01
incidence of rash; 2026-09-01
h e staining; 2026-09-01
inflammatory lesions counts at week 12; 2026-09-01
14 more recorded rows
biomarkers
overall photodamage; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
appearance of fine lines/wrinkles; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
tactile roughness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
improve in the level of dna methylated; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
mmasi at week 12; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skin crepiness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skin elasticity; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skin firmness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skin sagging; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skin roughness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
evenness of skin tone; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
evenness of skin redness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
objective erythema parameters; 2026-09-01
human trials at or under30
16
Not recorded for this substance
a recorded half-life
smallest human trial
2; NCT01892150; NA; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; COMPLETED
Q5
Which of adverse events through 21 2 days, appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles and appearance of fine lines/wrinkles did Ensulizole's trials measure?
adverse events through 21 2 days, appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles and appearance of fine lines/wrinkles lead 40 outcome terms across Ensulizole's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
incidence of rash, h e staining, inflammatory lesions counts at week 12, overall photodamage, appearance of fine lines/wrinkles and appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles follow.
Show the evidence
melanin index
1
sunscreen use
1
sun burning
1
incidence of rash
1
h e staining
1
inflammatory lesions counts at week 12
1
14 more recorded rows
overall photodamage
1
appearance of fine lines/wrinkles
1
appearance of coarse lines/wrinkles
1
tactile roughness
1
improve in the level of dna methylated
1
mmasi at week 12
1
skin crepiness
1
skin elasticity
1
skin firmness
1
skin sagging
1
skin roughness
1
evenness of skin tone
1
evenness of skin redness
1
objective erythema parameters
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
What will the one ongoing trial of Ensulizole report, and when?
"A Randomized Controlled Trial of Topical 5% Niacinamide for Skin Cancer Prevention in Transplant Recipients"; n 20; "Change in baseline AK count"; 2027-06-30
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which 16 trials of Ensulizole posted no result?
Posted no result
16 of 16 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00362986, NCT01892150, NCT01804595, NCT03392623, NCT03751163 and NCT01874860, and 10 more
Completion dates
oldest 2009-10; newest 2024-03-19
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00362986
2009-10
NCT01892150
2013-07
NCT01804595
2013-12
NCT03392623
2016-12-01
NCT03751163
2017-04-02
NCT01874860
2018-07
10 further recorded trials
NCT04065035
2019-07-17
NCT04123743
2019-11-10
NCT04545970
2020-07-06
NCT05271136
2020-10-13
NCT05089851
2021-06-03
NCT05272787
2022-06-16
NCT06436261
2022-07-01
NCT06157853
2022-08-23
NCT06366503
2023-12-29
NCT06633731
2024-03-19
Q8
At the median, Ensulizole's trials enrolled 28.5 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
28.5
Largest enrolment
924
Registered trials counted
26
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md
✗ required summary fields resolved: 4 required field(s) not terminal: Why people use it, Best-supported result, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
✓ public claims reviewed: 0 reviewed claim(s); drafts are never rendered
✓ source coverage passed: 5 source rows
✓ no critical contamination: no quarantine open
✓ canonical metadata passed: slug and display name present
✓ no raw internal fields: enforced by the copy-contract test over the rendered page
This is a record of evidence. It is not medical advice, and it does not say this substance suits you. Nothing here says any substance on RNAWiki is appropriate for a child.