This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Parathyroid hormone does in the body
RNAWiki has not recorded what this substance changes in the body.
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
What the registries record it as
9 registered substances share the start of this name, which is why a search for it can return more than one thing.
FDA substance registry · T825UB636S · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
No plain explanation of what this changes is stored.
No recorded use is stored in reader language.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 26 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Protein
A protein is a folded chain your body builds to do a specific job.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A protein is like a tool bent into one shape for one task.
Where that stops being true. A tool keeps its shape. A protein can change shape and stop working.
What people get wrong. Protein in food and a protein in the body are related but not the same thing.
A polymer of amino acids folded into a defined structure that determines its function.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Annual Nephrology Evaluation
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01203813
How many people
10000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
All-cause death
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01798680
How many people
4000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Time to Primary Composite Endpoint (All-cause Mortality, Myocardial Infarction, Hospitalization for Unstable Angina, Heart Failure or Peripheral Vascular Event)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00345839
How many people
3883
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Compare effects of 18 months of treatment with ALX1-11/placebo on the incidence of new and/or worsened thoracic and lumbar vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis receiving calcium and vitamin D3 supplements
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00172081
How many people
2532
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
The main study：The incidence of new vertebral fractures
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05866029
How many people
2478
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Number of Participants With New Vertebral Fractures at 18 Months
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT01343004
How many people
2463
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Injection
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
FDA label (openFDA SPL) · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
□Living longer, or avoiding a major eventNo evidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.0 registered measures of this kind. 1 written-up study measured this and did not show a benefit.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
□Symptoms and quality of lifeNo evidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.No registered study measures this.
□A number that stands in for healthNo evidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.No registered study measures this.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in Mouse, Rat, Dog. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
Temporarily relieves discomfort caused by kidney issues, including occasional mild to severe aches, urinary obstruction, intense nausea with or without vomiting, and inability to completely empty the bladder. Label footnote: Claims based on traditional homeopathic practice, not accepted medical evidence, not FDA evaluated. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Prescription only
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Injection
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
No register row and no identity class settled the question.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Sold as injectable, liquid, given by the injection, oral route.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold and what that means for what is in the pack.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Reports sent to a regulator
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Parathyroid hormone appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 8237 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Injection
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
5 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. 1 of them contain it and nothing else.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 75053-0009 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as liquid, taken oral.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 75053-0009 · read 2026-08-29
4 published labels name it as an active ingredient. None of them describes this substance alone, so no label text on this page can be attributed to it rather than to a combination.
US prescribing information · bd13617a-c470-4421-8f47-43a98036f40b · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human otc drug.
US prescribing information · bd13617a-c470-4421-8f47-43a98036f40b · read 2026-08-29
2361 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as botanical, non-nutrient/non-botanical and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
8 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
What was measured, goal by goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
Felt, measured, or meaningful — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (12)
Q1
What did Parathyroid hormone's largest trial (2532 people) and its longest (19 years) measure?
2532 people in Parathyroid hormone's largest registered study, 19 years in its longest registered window, measuring The change in parathyroid hormone serum concentration during regional citrate anticoagulation continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the acute phase of critical illness. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
12 phase3, 10 phase2, 4 na or unstated, 4 phase4, 3 phase1, 2 early phase1; NCT00005006; 2006-12; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2023, NCT05275491.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Parathyroid hormone was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase3
12
phase2
10
na or unstated
4
phase4
4
phase1
3
early phase1
2
1 more recorded row
Last recorded human testNCT05275491
2023-02-01
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From mouse to human: where has Parathyroid hormone shown lifespan?
Interpretation The change in parathyroid hormone serum concentration during regional citrate anticoagulation continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the acute phase of… — the recorded outcome words.
Show the evidence
mouse
mechanism-only
rat
biomarker
dog
lifespan
humanNCT03873675
biomarker; The change in parathyroid hormone serum concentration during regional citrate anticoagulation continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the acute phase of critical illness.; 33
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q3
3 of Parathyroid hormone's trials stopped: safety, accrual/recruitment?
More Parathyroid hormone was worse in human: at what point?
U-shaped in human: "However, there is conflicting evidence as to whether parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are associated with fracture risk and whether the relationship is linear or U-shaped." Europe PMC · dose-response search · 2026-07-28
"However, there is conflicting evidence as to whether parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are associated with fracture risk and whether the relationship is linear or U-shaped."
PMID 31728605
"Parathyroid hormone had a U-shaped association with vertebral fracture risk."
biphasicPMID 42582381
"Severe hypocalcemic tetany on postoperative day 1, followed by a characteristic biphasic parathyroid hormone (PTH) response, provided key diagnostic clues and ultimately led to a pathological diagnosis of parathyroid lipoadenoma."
dose responsePMID 41378845
"The aim of this study was to determine the differential dose response of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) to paricalcitol in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism and end-stage renal failure on chronic intermittent hemodialysis."
dose-responsePMID 38172768
"Despite an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been reported to be associated with a higher risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the comprehensive evaluation of the dose-response relationship between PTH and hypertension and T2D remains ambiguous."
recorded 2026-07-28 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Could one person measure Parathyroid hormone's effect on dose limiting toxicity?
Dose limiting toxicity: measured in Parathyroid hormone's trials.
Interpretation dose limiting toxicity is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
dose limiting toxicity; 2026-09-01
time to neutrophil engraftment; 2026-09-01
requirements for calcium supplementation; 2026-09-01
success; 2026-09-01
procallagen 1 amino terminal peptide; 2026-09-01
carboxy terminal telopeptides of collagen 1; 2026-09-01
2 more recorded rows
biomarkers
suv max on pet/ct scan at 12 months; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
overall preference; 2026-09-01
human trials at or under30
10
Not recorded for this substance
a recorded half-life
smallest human trial
0; NCT01333267; PHASE1; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q7
Which of carboxy terminal telopeptides of collagen 1, dose limiting toxicity and overall preference did Parathyroid hormone's trials measure?
carboxy terminal telopeptides of collagen 1, dose limiting toxicity and overall preference lead 8 outcome terms across Parathyroid hormone's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
success, procallagen 1 amino terminal peptide, carboxy terminal telopeptides of collagen 1, suv max on pet/ct scan at 12 months and overall preference follow.
Show the evidence
dose limiting toxicity
1
time to neutrophil engraftment
1
requirements for calcium supplementation
1
success
1
procallagen 1 amino terminal peptide
1
carboxy terminal telopeptides of collagen 1
1
2 more recorded rows
suv max on pet/ct scan at 12 months
1
overall preference
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which 15 trials of Parathyroid hormone posted no result?
Posted no result
15 of 15 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00172107, NCT00004993, NCT00172081, NCT00007306, NCT00172133 and NCT00000427, and 9 more
Completion dates
oldest 1997-03-24; newest 2023-02-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00172107
1997-03-24
NCT00004993
2001-08
NCT00172081
2003-11-07
NCT00007306
2005-04
NCT00172133
2005-04-13
NCT00000427
2005-10
9 further recorded trials
NCT00172120
2006-10-27
NCT00005006
2006-12
NCT00515593
2008-07
NCT00730210
2010-08
NCT00583518
2012-02
NCT01466829
2014-03
NCT02478879
2015-12
NCT03873675
2020-11-01
NCT05275491
2023-02-01
Q9
At the median, Parathyroid hormone's trials enrolled 64 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
64
Largest enrolment
2532
Registered trials counted
32
Q10
What do 8237 spontaneous reports say about Parathyroid hormone — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Parathyroid hormone appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 8237 reaction mentions were counted: fall 1616; dizziness 1201; arthralgia 1098; pain in extremity 884. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL2108078 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
fall
1616
dizziness
1201
arthralgia
1098
pain in extremity
884
back pain
722
muscle spasms
679
4 more recorded rows
bone pain
602
hospitalisation
530
pharmaceutical product complaint
486
hip fracture
419
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q11
Was Parathyroid hormone studied with exercise?
exercise is named in Parathyroid hormone's label sentences: "Registered trial name: The Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Calcium, Phosphorous and Parathyroid Hormone: A Randomized Controlled Trial." openfda-label+europepmc · 2023-09-20
1 recorded statement; exercise
Show the evidence
exercise
Registered trial name: The Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Calcium, Phosphorous and Parathyroid Hormone: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
recorded 2023-09-20 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q12
What is recorded about Parathyroid hormone and AMPK?
"Context-dependent modules including Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein (TGF-β and BMP), Indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related protein (IHH and PTHrP), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-1α and HIF-2α), Notch, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and metabolic…" — where Parathyroid hormone and AMPK appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-05-28
"Context-dependent modules including Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein (TGF-β and BMP), Indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related protein (IHH and PTHrP), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-1α and HIF-2α), Notch, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and metabolic regulators such as fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and…"
mTOR
PMID 42199077
"This review examines the role of leptin in PTH regulation and parathyroid physiology and highlights experimental and clinical evidence identifying mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) as a critical regulator of parathyroid structure and function in CKD-SHP."
PMID 42199077
"In experimental CKD, uremia triggers robust parathyroid mTORC1 activation, promoting cellular hyperplasia and PTH overproduction both of which are prevented and reversed by rapamycin."
PMID 42199077
"Genetic mouse models show that parathyroid-specific mTOR deletion impairs gland integrity and adaptive PTH responses, whereas constitutive mTORC1 activation via Tsc1 deletion induces autonomous gland enlargement and impaired secretory capacity."
AMPKPMID 36858962
"All of these have essential clinical significance with the discovery of autophagy associated signals, pathways, mechanisms, and treatments in bone diseases in the future.<b>Abbreviations:</b> Δψm: mitochondrial transmembrane potential AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARO: autosomal recessive osteosclerosis ATF4: activating transcription factor 4 ATG: autophagy-related β-ECD: β-ecdysone BMSC:…"
sirtuinPMID 36858962
"All of these have essential clinical significance with the discovery of autophagy associated signals, pathways, mechanisms, and treatments in bone diseases in the future.<b>Abbreviations:</b> Δψm: mitochondrial transmembrane potential AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARO: autosomal recessive osteosclerosis ATF4: activating transcription factor 4 ATG: autophagy-related β-ECD: β-ecdysone BMSC:…"
autophagyPMID 36858962
"All of these have essential clinical significance with the discovery of autophagy associated signals, pathways, mechanisms, and treatments in bone diseases in the future.<b>Abbreviations:</b> Δψm: mitochondrial transmembrane potential AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARO: autosomal recessive osteosclerosis ATF4: activating transcription factor 4 ATG: autophagy-related β-ECD: β-ecdysone BMSC:…"
IGF-1
PMID 36858962
"All of these have essential clinical significance with the discovery of autophagy associated signals, pathways, mechanisms, and treatments in bone diseases in the future.<b>Abbreviations:</b> Δψm: mitochondrial transmembrane potential AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARO: autosomal recessive osteosclerosis ATF4: activating transcription factor 4 ATG: autophagy-related β-ECD: β-ecdysone BMSC:…"
PMID 41806480
"This review examines how osteoblast differentiation and bone metabolism are influenced by important hormonal regulators, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is the key regulator, followed by the effect of calcitonin, vitamin D, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), cytokines including transforming growth factor-beta, bone morphogenetic proteins, and immune modulators such as cluster of…"
autophagyPMID 41530114
"Moreover, emerging research underscores extensive crosstalk between TGF-β/BMP and other critical pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related protein (PTHrP), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), Hedgehog, Notch, insulin-like growth factors (IGF)/insulin-like growth factors receptor (IGFR), Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and…"
IGF-1PMID 41530114
"Moreover, emerging research underscores extensive crosstalk between TGF-β/BMP and other critical pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related protein (PTHrP), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), Hedgehog, Notch, insulin-like growth factors (IGF)/insulin-like growth factors receptor (IGFR), Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and…"
autophagyPMID 40505957
"Based on dual SHPT drivers, an M2 macrophage-derived exosomes-camouflaged nanomedicine, M2-E@St, was developed that can reprogram macrophages anti-inflammation and alleviate STAT3-mediated autophagy inhibition, reducing parathyroid cell proliferation in the parathyroid gland."
recorded 2026-05-28 · last checked 2026-09-04
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