This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Levocarnitine does in the body
Acute and chronic treatment of patients with an inborn error of metabolism which results in a secondary carnitine deficiency
From the FDA-approved label: Levocarnitine is a naturally occurring substance required in mammalian energy metabolism. It has been shown to facilitate long-chain fatty acid entry into cellular mitochondria, thereby delivering a substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain. In skeletal and cardiac muscle, fatty acids are the main substrate for energy production. Primary systemic carnitine deficiency is characterized by low concentrations of levocarnitine in plasma, RBC, and/or tissues.
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
What the registries record it as
The substance registry classes this as chemical.
FDA substance registry · 0G389FZZ9M · read 2026-08-29
Where each sentence above came from
No recorded sentence describes the change this makes in a way that stands on its own. The page opens with what it is taken for instead, and the recorded explanation follows below.
Shown as the opening line on this page.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 115 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Biomarker
A biomarker is a number from a test that stands in for something about health.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A biomarker is like a fuel gauge.
Where that stops being true. A gauge is wired to the tank. Many biomarkers are only loosely tied to health.
What people get wrong. A better number is read as a better life. Several medicines improved a number and helped nobody.
A measurable indicator used as a substitute for a clinical outcome of interest.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What was measured, goal by goal
One row for each goal a registered study measured something for. One column for each kind of thing that could be measured.
Registered studies list 40 outcome measures that RNAWiki could read. A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. 0 of the matched studies tested this substance, and 0 posted a result.
There is no single score. A strong test result and a weak life result are different facts.
Goals down the side, kinds of measurement across the top. Each cell says what kind of thing was registered, not what was found.
Goal
Life outcome
What a body can do
How a person feels
A test result
A step in the body
Harms
How long
Who was studied
Blood sugar
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved2 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Body weight
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved3 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Cholesterol
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved1 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Energy
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
…Waiting for a reviewer2 registered symptom measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Muscle
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved2 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Healthy ageing
…Waiting for a reviewer1 registered study measure of this kind. No reviewed result yet.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Which registered measures put each goal on this table
Blood sugar
whole body insulin sensitivity; circulating diabetes biomarkers; oral glucose tolerance test
Body weight
body fat; body weight; rate of weight gain
Cholesterol
lipid profile; intrahepatic triglyceride content
Energy
fatigue severity scale; fatigue
Muscle
skeletal muscle mass; lean body mass
Healthy ageing
mortality
Sorted by fixed word lists, version v1. A name the rules do not recognise stays unsorted rather than moving to the nearest column.
What each mark on this table means
∅ Nothing in the sources checked
No registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
△ Only a number moved
2 registered test measure.
— Not recorded
Harms were not a registered measure for this goal.
… Waiting for a reviewer
Who was studied is listed further down the page.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Primary outcome measures include - Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score at Year 4 - CAD risk factors, Framingham Risk Score (FRS), and health behaviors at Year 4 - Adverse cardiac outcomes during follow-up
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00927693
How many people
2137
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Change from baseline in Left ventricular ejection fraction
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05673239
How many people
1008
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Change in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score from baseline to end-of-treatment
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT07062198
How many people
845
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Interference score using K-CWST(Korean-Color Word Stroop Test)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04346862
How many people
636
Study design
Phase 4
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Morbidity
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00001082
How many people
505
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
A Study on Amprenavir in Combination With Other Anti-HIV Drugs in HIV-Positive Patients
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00000912
How many people
475
Study design
Phase 2
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA Drugs@FDA · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
■Living longer, or avoiding a major eventEvidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.1 registered measure of this kind. No reviewed result.
■What a body can do day to dayEvidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.2 registered measures of this kind.
■Measured performanceEvidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.2 registered measures of this kind.
■Symptoms and quality of lifeEvidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.3 registered measures of this kind.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.12 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
□AnimalsNo evidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.No animal record is stored.
□Cells in a dishNo evidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.No cell or bench record is stored.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
fatigue severity scale
fatigue
alcohol craving
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
serum carnitine concentration
whole body insulin sensitivity
skeletal muscle mass
body fat
lean body mass
body weight
intrahepatic triglyceride content
plasma carnitine concentration
muscle carnitine concentration using uplc ms/ms
rate of weight gain
and 2 more.
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
efficacy measured through motor function assessments
gait speed
mortality
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (22)
morbidity
safety labs
modified hammersmith change from baseline to 6 months
peak walking time at day 180
incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation
lipid profile
tnf alpha
improvement in liver stiffness
ovulation induction
glomerular filtration rate
carotid total plaque volume
metabolic flexibility
pregnancy rate
response
clinical pregnancy rate
circulating microbiome metabolites
circulating carnitine metabolites
circulating diabetes biomarkers
cardiotoxicity
pulmonary function test
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
Levocarnitine Oral Solution USP is indicated in the treatment of primary systemic carnitine deficiency. In the reported cases, the clinical presentation consisted of recurrent episodes of Reye-like encephalopathy, hypoketotic hypoglycemia, and/or cardiomyopathy. Associated symptoms included hypotonia, muscle weakness and failure to thrive.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What the label states about particular groups
On people who are pregnant, the label states: “Reproductive studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 3.8 times the human dose on the basis of surface area and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to levocarnitine.”
US prescribing information · 75b43fb1-4486-48a0-b571-7754dce350a3 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are breastfeeding, the label states: “Levocarnitine supplementation in nursing mothers has not been specifically studied.”
US prescribing information · 75b43fb1-4486-48a0-b571-7754dce350a3 · read 2026-08-30
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Prescription only
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Oral
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
No register row and no identity class settled the question.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Sold as solution, injectable, tablet, injection, solution, given by the oral, injection, intravenous route.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold and what that means for what is in the pack.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Reports sent to a regulator
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Levocarnitine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 68 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Oral
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
40 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. 28 of them contain it and nothing else.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 71656-016 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as injection, injection, solution, liquid, powder, solution and spray, taken intravenous and oral.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 71656-016 · read 2026-08-29
The regulator's established pharmacologic class for it is carnitine analog [epc] and carnitine [cs].
FDA National Drug Code directory · 71656-016 · read 2026-08-29
26 published labels name it as an active ingredient. 14 of them describe this substance alone, which is where its own label text on this page comes from.
US prescribing information · 2c252ba6-f147-4c22-b432-cd603a9623ac · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human otc drug and human prescription drug.
US prescribing information · 2c252ba6-f147-4c22-b432-cd603a9623ac · read 2026-08-29
1661 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as amino acid/protein and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other, nutrient and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
Levocarnitine is oral at HOW SUPPLIED Levocarnitine oral solution, USP is a clear colorless to slight yellow solution with cherry flavor, supplied in HDPE bottles with child-resistant caps and as 5 mL and 10 mL unit-dose cups with peelable HDPE…, recorded as fda label in effect 2025-03-18 in the United States.
US prescribing information · 75b43fb1-4486-48a0-b571-7754dce350a3 · read 2026-08-30
Recorded price in US: 0.13868 USD per one millilitre, across 3 priced products whose strengths and pack forms differ, as of 2026-08-26, paid by retail pharmacies buying the product, as surveyed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. It is not a list price, an insurance price, or what anyone pays at a counter..
Recorded source · 2026-08-26 · read 2026-08-28
Recorded price in US: 0.66119 USD per one unit as the pricing file counts it — a tablet, capsule, patch or single item, across 2 priced products whose strengths and pack forms differ, as of 2026-08-26, paid by retail pharmacies buying the product, as surveyed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. It is not a list price, an insurance price, or what anyone pays at a counter..
Recorded source · 2026-08-26 · read 2026-08-28
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
This one is decided with a clinician, so this section holds questions to ask rather than a plan to run.
RNAWiki could not confidently classify this substance, so no self-experiment plan is offered.
Questions worth asking
Which of the trials of Levocarnitine studied people like me?
What was measured, and for how long?
Was the result a laboratory value or a health outcome?
What would we watch for, and when would we stop?
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki records evidence. It does not say whether this substance is right for you.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Levocarnitine are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
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Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
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Check any of this yourself
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14 documents were read for this substance.
RNAWiki source record
12 of them state the same tMax, and they agree.
RNAWiki source record
Where else this substance is registered
FDA substance identifier (UNII)
0G389FZZ9M
RxNorm concept
206345
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What the approval register records
14 approved applications cover products containing this substance. The earliest was NDA018948, approved 19851227 to LEADIANT BIOSCI INC.
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6 questions this page could not answer
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Recorded evidence blocks (12)
Q1
What did Levocarnitine's largest trial (1008 people) and its longest (9 years) measure?
1008 people in Levocarnitine's largest registered study, 9 years in its longest registered window, measuring Mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
36 phase2, 31 na, 22 phase3, 15 phase4, 5 early phase1, 4 phase1; NCT01783041; 2021-12-28; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2026, NCT05251207.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Levocarnitine was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase2
36
na
31
phase3
22
phase4
15
early phase1
5
phase1
4
1 more recorded row
Last recorded human testNCT05251207
2026-08-13
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
Levocarnitine was tested only in human — what did it show?
"Insufficient recruitment"; 10 of 107 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00247975
terminated; "Insufficient recruitment"
NCT00516516
terminated; "Low interest in study, slow recruitment"
NCT00572429
withdrawn; "no subjects enrolled,study never started"
NCT01193777
terminated; "Study stopped to open expanded phase II study"
NCT01330823
suspended; "after interims analysis standard errors for inflammatory and nutritional markers varied widely, that the power calculation required unattainable goals"
NCT01786824
terminated; "Patient pathway has become infeasible due to pressure for shorter hospital stays. Not enough inclusions."
4 further recorded trials
NCT02645942
withdrawn; "Study stopped due to organization reasons."
NCT02722902
terminated; "No effect of carnitine on lipid induced insulin resistance after n=8 (p=1.00)"
NCT03564678
terminated; "PI Request. Slow accrual and lack of clinical interest"
NCT03630367
withdrawn; "Unavailability of the medication"
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Human studies of Levocarnitine used L-Carnitine 1G/5mL Injection — over how long?
9 recorded entries; human; also "L-Carnitine 500Mg Oral Tablet", "L-carnitine 1000 Mg", "Hydroxycarbamide 500 Mg Oral Capsule+L-Carnitine"
Show the evidence
human
NCT03630367
L-Carnitine 1G/5mL Injection
NCT04434404
L-Carnitine 500Mg Oral Tablet
NCT04672720
L-carnitine 1000 Mg
NCT05081349
Hydroxycarbamide 500 Mg Oral Capsule+L-Carnitine
NCT05081349
L-Carnitine, 250 Mg Oral Capsule
NCT07035444
L-Carnitine 4g
3 more recorded rows
humanNCT07298564
Levocarnitine 1000 mg
humanNCT07492446
Participants will consume 3 g/day of L-carnitine for 21 days.
humanNCT07492446
Placebo participants will be given 3g/d of L-carnitine-like powdered sugar for 21 days.
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
Could one person measure Levocarnitine's effect on morbidity?
Morbidity: measured in Levocarnitine's trials.
Interpretation morbidity is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
morbidity; 2026-09-01
safety labs; 2026-09-01
efficacy measured through motor function assessments; 2026-09-01
modified hammersmith change from baseline to 6 months; 2026-09-01
peak walking time at day 180; 2026-09-01
incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation; 2026-09-01
14 more recorded rows
biomarkers
lipid profile; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
tnf alpha; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
fatigue severity scale; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
improvement in liver stiffness; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
ovulation induction; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
glomerular filtration rate; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
serum carnitine concentration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
carotid total plaque volume; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
whole body insulin sensitivity; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
metabolic flexibility; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
skeletal muscle mass; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
pregnancy rate; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
gait speed; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
fatigue; 2026-09-01
human trials at or under30
29
Not recorded for this substance
a recorded half-life
smallest human trial
0; NCT00572429; NA; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q6
Which of alcohol craving, body fat and body weight did Levocarnitine's trials measure?
alcohol craving, body fat and body weight lead 40 outcome terms across Levocarnitine's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
modified hammersmith change from baseline to 6 months, peak walking time at day 180, incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, lipid profile, tnf alpha and fatigue severity scale follow.
Show the evidence
morbidity
1
safety labs
1
efficacy measured through motor function assessments
1
modified hammersmith change from baseline to 6 months
1
peak walking time at day 180
1
incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation
1
14 more recorded rows
lipid profile
1
tnf alpha
1
fatigue severity scale
1
improvement in liver stiffness
1
ovulation induction
1
glomerular filtration rate
1
serum carnitine concentration
1
carotid total plaque volume
1
whole body insulin sensitivity
1
metabolic flexibility
1
skeletal muscle mass
1
pregnancy rate
1
gait speed
1
fatigue
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which of Levocarnitine's 16 ongoing trials reports first?
Incidence of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia > 3 mg/dL during induction therapy; Blood TMAO level measured by LC-MS/MS; latest 2029-03-30
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT05602194
"Studying the Effect of Levocarnitine in Protecting the Liver From Chemotherapy for Leukemia or Lymphoma"; n 440; "Incidence of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia > 3 mg/dL during induction therapy"; 2028-12-30
NCT05980884
"Using Gut Microbial Gbu Gene Testing to Estimate Host TMAO Production Capacity"; n 230; "Blood TMAO level measured by LC-MS/MS"; 2026-07-30
NCT06564909
"Effect of L-Carnitine on Biomarkers of Myocardial Reperfusion Injury in Patients With STEMI"; n 76; "Evaluation of the marker nitrotyrosine"; 2026-12
NCT06845046
"A Study to Improve Skeletal Muscle in Veterans With HIV"; n 70; "Myosteatosis"; 2029-03-30
NCT06901323
"Effect of L-carnitine Supplementation on Phenylalanine and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Infants and Children With Phenylketonuria"; n 176; "improve brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels"; 2026-08-01
NCT07016867
"Medical Treatment Alone Versus Varicocelectomy Versus Varicocelectomy and Medical Treatment"; n 126; "Number of participants with Treatment of Teratozoospermia"; 2025-08-31
10 further recorded trials
NCT07035444
"Enteral Nutrition With L-Carnitine for Cachexia in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer"; n 126; "Total Skeletal Muscle Mass"; 2026-12-31
NCT07108777
"L-Carnitine Protective Effect in Nephrotoxicity"; n 46; "change in serum creatinine and creatinine clearance"; 2026-11-01
NCT07160452
"Levocarnitine for Reducing ESA Requirements in Hemodialysis Patients With Renal Anemia"; n 94; "Weekly ESA dose at Month 6 (units/week)"; 2026-03-15
NCT07201714
"Oral Carnitine in Heart Failure Patients"; n 20; "Recruitment Rate"; 2026-12-31
NCT07216001
"Role of Omega-DEK in Childhood Apraxia of Speech"; n 34; "Percent of Participants Retained in Study"; 2027-12
NCT07298564
"Effect of Magnesium and Levocarnitine on Metabolic and Clinical Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)"; n 84; "Change from Baseline of FBS"; 2026-11-30
NCT07402759
"Impact of tdrd9 Gene Mutations in the Therapeutic Response to L-carnitine in Oligoasthenozoospermic Men"; n 50; "Change in total motile sperm count (TMSC) from baseline to 3 months"; 2026-08
NCT07437391
"Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Preterm Neonates"; n 160; "Mortality"; 2026-06-30
NCT07642076
"Evaluation of the Clinical Impact of Adjunctive L-carnitine Therapy in Critically Ill Hepatic Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit"; n 58; "laboratory value: serum creatinine(SCr)"; 2027-03
NCT07768228
"The Effect of L-Carnitine on Wound Healing in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcer."; n 50; "Change in Diabetic Foot Ulcer area"; 2027-08-01
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which running trial of Levocarnitine could settle lifespan?
NCT07437391 measures Mortality, reading out 2026-06-30.
1 open trial; n 160; "Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Preterm Neonates"
Show the evidence
TrialNCT07437391
"Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Preterm Neonates"; n 160; "Mortality"; 2026-06-30
Q9
Which 39 trials of Levocarnitine posted no result?
Posted no result
39 of 39 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00000892, NCT00001082, NCT00000912, NCT00001087, NCT00000885 and NCT00034450, and 33 more
Completion dates
oldest 1999-08; newest 2024-06-30
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00000892
1999-08
NCT00001082
1999-08
NCT00000912
2000-05
NCT00001087
2000-07
NCT00000885
2003-06
NCT00034450
2004-08
14 further recorded trials
NCT00079599
2007-03
NCT00386971
2009-12
NCT00322322
2010-06
NCT01278693
2010-09
NCT00481013
2010-11
NCT01580553
2012-03
NCT00851838
2012-12
NCT01231828
2012-12
NCT01232907
2013-04
NCT01769157
2013-06
NCT01149525
2013-07
NCT02226419
2014-08
NCT02635594
2016-06
NCT01893892
2017-03-15
Q10
At the median, Levocarnitine's trials enrolled 54.5 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
54.5
Largest enrolment
1008
Registered trials counted
106
Q11
What do 68 spontaneous reports say about Levocarnitine — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Levocarnitine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 68 reaction mentions were counted: parenteral nutrition associated liver disease 27; encephalopathy 7; hypophosphataemia 6; rhabdomyolysis 6. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL1149 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
parenteral nutrition associated liver disease
27
encephalopathy
7
hypophosphataemia
6
rhabdomyolysis
6
status epilepticus
5
hepatic encephalopathy
4
4 more recorded rows
rebound effect
4
food craving
3
hyperammonaemia
3
hyperammonaemic encephalopathy
3
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q12
Was Levocarnitine studied with exercise?
exercise is named in Levocarnitine's label sentences: "Randomized controlled trials in HD were reviewed for mind-body interventions (dance therapy, music therapy, and exercise), alternative systems (traditional Chinese medicine [TCM]), and nutraceuticals/diet (aminooxyacetic acid [AOAA], coenzyme q10, creatine, cannabinoids, alpha-tocopherol,…" openfda-label+europepmc · 2019-08-26
1 recorded statement; exercise
Show the evidence
exercise
Randomized controlled trials in HD were reviewed for mind-body interventions (dance therapy, music therapy, and exercise), alternative systems (traditional Chinese medicine [TCM]), and nutraceuticals/diet (aminooxyacetic acid [AOAA], coenzyme q10, creatine, cannabinoids, alpha-tocopherol, eicosapentaenoic acid, idebenone, levocarnitine, and triheptanoin).
recorded 2019-08-26 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
ChEMBL ATC CC BY-SA · ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · Open Targets 26.06 — CC0 · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md · openFDA / DailyMed — US Government work
✗ required summary fields resolved: 5 required field(s) not terminal: Why people use it, Best-supported result, Most important common problem, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
✓ public claims reviewed: 0 reviewed claim(s); drafts are never rendered
✓ source coverage passed: 8 source rows
✓ no critical contamination: no quarantine open
✓ canonical metadata passed: slug and display name present
✓ no raw internal fields: enforced by the copy-contract test over the rendered page
This is a record of evidence. It is not medical advice, and it does not say this substance suits you. Nothing here says any substance on RNAWiki is appropriate for a child.