No plain explanation of what this changes is stored.
No recorded use is stored in reader language.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 26 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What was measured, goal by goal
One row for each goal a registered study measured something for. One column for each kind of thing that could be measured.
Registered studies list 40 outcome measures that RNAWiki could read. A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. 0 of the matched studies tested this substance, and 0 posted a result.
There is no single score. A strong test result and a weak life result are different facts.
Goals down the side, kinds of measurement across the top. Each cell says what kind of thing was registered, not what was found.
Goal
Life outcome
What a body can do
How a person feels
A test result
A step in the body
Harms
How long
Who was studied
Fertility and sexual health
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Cholesterol
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved1 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Which registered measures put each goal on this table
Fertility and sexual health
sexual function
Cholesterol
changes in cholesterol metabolism
Sorted by fixed word lists, version v1. A name the rules do not recognise stays unsorted rather than moving to the nearest column.
What each mark on this table means
∅ Nothing in the sources checked
No registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
— Not recorded
Harms were not a registered measure for this goal.
… Waiting for a reviewer
Who was studied is listed further down the page.
△ Only a number moved
1 registered test measure.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Time to cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina or hospitalization for heart failure
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04040634
How many people
9476
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
The primary efficacy endpoint will be the incremental subject-wise Decayed Missing Filled Surfaces score after 2 year product use.
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05560945
How many people
6000
Study design
Phase 3
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Time to cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina or hospitalization for heart failure [ Time Frame: From randomization; for approximately a mean of 3.5 years ]
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04036409
How many people
4368
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Biopsy-related serious hemorrhage rate by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT00635310
How many people
3520
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Fat Mass
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04630977
How many people
3000
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
Measured performance
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Adverse pregnancy outcome
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT05934318
How many people
2960
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Europe PMC · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 6 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
□Living longer, or avoiding a major eventNo evidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.0 registered measures of this kind. 2 written-up studies measured this and did not show a benefit.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
□Symptoms and quality of lifeNo evidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.No registered study measures this.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.9 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in Yeast, C. elegans (roundworm), Drosophila (fruit fly), Mouse, Dog. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
decrease in supine systolic blood pressure
measures of liver function ast and alt
measures of liver function pt and ptt
measures of liver function coagulation factors
measures of liver function inr
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
brachial artery flow mediated dilation
arterial blood pressure decrease
changes in cholesterol metabolism
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
No registered study measured anything of this kind.
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (31)
vary by protocol
no production at delivery
reduction in liver endotoxin production
maddrey s discriminant function
pancreatic perfusion
asthma exacerbations in three months
fev1 from baseline
sexual function
net protein balance
gardos channel activity
nitric oxide
improvement in endothelial function and lactate clearance
pulmonary tb who are culture negative at 1 month
international index of erectile dysfunction
improvement in microcirculation
pet determined pancreatic islet beta cell mass
international index of erectile function
tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity 2 5 m/s
nec incidence stage and outcome
fecal calprotectin levels
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
No description of who was studied is recorded.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Varies by country
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No form or route is recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
Not usually supervised: sold as a supplement or food ingredient where recorded. That is a legal category, not a safety judgement.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing is recorded about product quality.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Reports sent to a regulator
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Arginine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 181 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
The exact form studied is not recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
2 published labels name it as an active ingredient. 2 of them describe this substance alone, which is where its own label text on this page comes from.
US prescribing information · 07c10c55-5e96-4ec0-95cc-019fd0a4bca7 · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human otc drug and human prescription drug.
US prescribing information · 07c10c55-5e96-4ec0-95cc-019fd0a4bca7 · read 2026-08-29
2597 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as amino acid/protein, non-nutrient/non-botanical and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other, nutrient and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
Watching one thing carefully can tell you whether it moved. It cannot tell you what moved it.
This is sold without a prescription, so a person can sensibly watch one thing and see whether it moves.
Pick one goal. One goal only. Two at once cannot be told apart afterwards.
Pick one thing to watch. Registered studies measured things like: decrease in supine systolic blood pressure; measures of liver function ast and alt; measures of liver function pt and ptt.
Measure before you start. Take the same measurement several times first. One reading is not a starting point.
Know the swing. Write down how much it moves on its own across a normal week.
Change one thing. Change nothing else at the same time, including training and sleep.
Give it the study length. No finished study window is recorded, so no length is suggested here.
Track whether you took it. Missed days are the most common reason a home test shows nothing.
Read the trend. Look at the line across weeks. A single reading tells you almost nothing.
What not to measure
Anything that swings more day to day than the change you are looking for.
A wearable estimate of sleep stages, which is an estimate and not a measurement.
Weight on one morning, which mostly records water.
A feeling you did not write down before starting.
When to stop
Stop if something new and unpleasant starts, and ask a pharmacist or doctor.
Stop if you cannot keep everything else steady, because the result will not mean anything.
Stop at the end of the window you set, and read the trend then.
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki does not work out an amount for anyone.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
How fast does the body clear it?
The sources RNAWiki checked hold nothing for this field.
Why it matters. Without this, nothing on this page can say how long anything lasts.
What would answer it
A stored source that records it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Arginine are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
No reviewed mechanism story exists for this substance.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Check any of this yourself
Every line above traced back to the study it came from. This is the technical layer, and the vocabulary changes here.
Where else this substance is registered
FDA substance identifier (UNII)
94ZLA3W45F
CAS registry number
74-79-3
PubChem compound
6322
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1485
ChEBI
29952
WHO international nonproprietary name list entry
1711
RxNorm concept
1091
EMA substance identifier
100000086598
European Chemicals Agency number
200-811-1
DrugBank
DB00125
Checks this page had to pass
✓ Passed
Identity resolved
no open identity hold
✓ Passed
No unresolved merge across substance families
no quarantine open
✗ Not passed
Every public sentence names a source
The opening statement carries no source: the record holds neither an explanation nor a recorded use.
✗ Not passed
Trial roles classified for highlighted evidence
No registered study is classified as testing this substance.
✓ Passed
No internal keys in reader text
enforced by the copy-contract test over the rendered page
✓ Passed
Safety mode resolved
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
✓ Passed
Canonical metadata present
slug and display name present
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What to learn next
Ordered by what would most change how you read this page, starting with what is easiest to misunderstand.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
7 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
How this medicine reached us — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (11)
Q1
What did Arginine's largest trial (5135 people) and its longest (20 years) measure?
5135 people in Arginine's largest registered study, 20 years in its longest registered window, measuring Grip Strength. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
38 na, 30 phase2, 21 phase3, 16 phase4, 15 phase1, 6 na or unstated, 4 early phase1; NCT01742702; 2025-12-31. Last human test completed 2026, NCT07020754.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Arginine was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
na
38
phase2
30
phase3
21
phase4
16
phase1
15
na or unstated
6
2 more recorded rows
early phase1
4
Last recorded human testNCT07020754
2026-01-25
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From yeast to human: where has Arginine shown lifespan?
Interpretation Grip Strength — the recorded outcome words.
Show the evidence
C. elegans
lifespan
Drosophila
mechanism-only
yeast
mechanism-only
mouse
lifespan
dog
lifespan
humanNCT06475391
healthspan; Grip Strength; 124
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q3
13 of Arginine's trials stopped: accrual/recruitment, funding/business, other?
accrual/recruitment (2), funding/business (1) and other (10): Arginine's stop wording, clustered. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
"lack of enrollment"; 13 of 124 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00200746
withdrawn; "lack of enrollment"
NCT00280085
terminated; "Explanation provided in detailed descriptiong section of record."
NCT00569465
terminated; "End of the study"
NCT00583388
withdrawn; "PI is leaving the Institution, IRB will close the protocol."
NCT00616304
suspended; "Local circumstances \& difficulties in site access has prevented continuation"
NCT01485757
terminated; "Technical difficulty with Endo-PAT machine"
7 further recorded trials
NCT01855334
withdrawn; "change of funding leading to major redesign"
NCT02440061
withdrawn; "This protocol was replaced with a different one and therefore discontinued."
NCT02838030
suspended; "COVID-19 pandemic"
NCT02882373
withdrawn; "Principal Investigator's Request"
NCT04054973
withdrawn; "Study was unable to be started due to unavailability of study medication."
NCT05281562
terminated; "Not enough patients meeting eligibility criteria to complete the study. It took months from study initiation to enroll 1 participant in February 2023. Once it was clear it was not possible to enroll another participant, the study was…"
NCT05932979
withdrawn; "the investigation was cancelled because there was no monetary resource to complete it."
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Human studies of Arginine used L-arginine HCl 20 mg ml/l, B. Braun Ag, Melsungen, Germany — over how long?
Human studies of Arginine used "L-arginine HCl 20 mg ml/l, B. Braun Ag, Melsungen, Germany". ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
6 recorded entries; human; injection; also "L-Arginine, 500 Mg Oral Capsule", "L-arginine 3g + L-Citruline 2 g", "L-arginine 3g"
Show the evidence
human
NCT01742702
L-arginine HCl 20 mg ml/l, B. Braun Ag, Melsungen, Germany
NCT04643600
L-Arginine, 500 Mg Oral Capsule
NCT05029778
L-arginine 3g + L-Citruline 2 g
NCT05029778
L-arginine 3g
NCT07135037
L-Arginine, 1000 Mg Oral Tablet
NCT07167693
injection; Arginine hydrochloride injection 10%
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
Which of acute exacerbation at 3 months, arterial blood pressure decrease and asthma exacerbations in three months did Arginine's trials measure?
acute exacerbation at 3 months, arterial blood pressure decrease and asthma exacerbations in three months lead 40 outcome terms across Arginine's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Interpretation maddrey s discriminant function, decrease in supine systolic blood pressure, pancreatic perfusion, asthma exacerbations in three months, measures of liver function ast and alt and measures of liver function pt and ptt follow.
Show the evidence
vary by protocol
1
no production at delivery
1
reduction in liver endotoxin production
1
maddrey s discriminant function
1
decrease in supine systolic blood pressure
1
pancreatic perfusion
1
14 more recorded rows
asthma exacerbations in three months
1
measures of liver function ast and alt
1
measures of liver function pt and ptt
1
measures of liver function coagulation factors
1
measures of liver function inr
1
fev1 from baseline
1
sexual function
1
net protein balance
1
gardos channel activity
1
nitric oxide
1
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
1
brachial artery flow mediated dilation
1
arterial blood pressure decrease
1
improvement in endothelial function and lactate clearance
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Which of Arginine's 15 ongoing trials reports first?
Pharmacokinetics of IV arginine, measured by plasma arginine concentration over time; Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) will be reduced after L-arginine infusion; latest 2029-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT02447874
"Arginine Therapy for the Treatment of Pain in Children With Sickle Cell Disease"; n 21; "Pharmacokinetics of IV arginine, measured by plasma arginine concentration over time"; 2028-01
NCT03982160
"L-arginine to Reduce Sympathetic Nerve Activity in CKD Patients"; n 15; "Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) will be reduced after L-arginine infusion"; 2026-12-31
NCT04800692
"The Effects of ATLAS Therapy on Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in Patients With Intermittent Claudication"; n 10; "Nitric Oxide bioavailability"; 2027-12
NCT05306925
"An Exploratory Study of Arginine Supplementation and the Postoperative Immune REsponse"; n 48; "Gene expression via Illumina RNA sequencing"; 2026-12-31
NCT05855330
"Arginine Replacement Therapy in COVID-19"; n 21; "Change in mitochondrial function"; 2028-06
NCT05934318
"L-ArGinine to pRevent advErse prEgnancy Outcomes (AGREE)"; n 2960; "Adverse pregnancy outcome"; 2026-12-30
9 further recorded trials
NCT06054633
"L-arginine for Knee Osteoarthritis Patients"; n 340; "Change From Baseline in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score."; 2025-09-30
NCT06328686
"Arginine and Whole Brain Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Patients With Brain Metastases"; n 10; "Peak plasma L-arginine (arginine) and arginine metabolite concentration"; 2027-12-31
NCT06483737
"Human Albumin Infusion in Liver Cirrhosis and Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy (HACHE)"; n 174; "Change of overt HE."; 2027-06-30
NCT07004387
"Perioperative Use of Amino Acids in Recipients of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation as a Renal Protective Factor"; n 90; "acute kidney failiure"; 2026-09-30
NCT07135037
"Comparison Between Treatments of Oligohydramnios"; n 40; "Improvement of amniotic fluid index"; 2025-12-31
NCT07167693
"Phase 1 Trial of Arginine Hydrochloride for the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 2 Diabetes"; n 60; "Change in endogenous insulin secretion (C-peptide/glucose ratio)"; 2027-12-31
NCT07338682
"Evaluation of the Effect of L-Arginine on the Cognitive Function in Geriatric Patients"; n 60; "Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)"; 2026-06-30
NCT07718373
"Early Postoperative L-arginine and Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery"; n 5000; "Acute kidney injury"; 2026-08-20
NCT07772882
"Study of Supplemental Arginine With Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Platinum Resistant Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer"; n 24; "Proportion of patients with serious adverse events"; 2029-01
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which 55 trials of Arginine posted no result?
Posted no result
55 of 55 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00001752, NCT00047983, NCT00029731, NCT00777075, NCT00551434 and NCT00157521, and 49 more
Completion dates
oldest 2000-07; newest 2024-08-23
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00001752
2000-07
NCT00047983
2004-04
NCT00029731
2005-07
NCT00777075
2005-11
NCT00551434
2005-12
NCT00157521
2006-05
14 further recorded trials
NCT00902616
2006-06
NCT00000623
2006-07
NCT00284076
2006-07
NCT00051376
2006-08
NCT00408577
2006-11
NCT00056433
2006-12-27
NCT01796678
2007-06
NCT00571766
2008-12
NCT02844387
2008-12
NCT00405665
2009-06
NCT00917449
2009-06
NCT01142219
2009-10
NCT00137124
2009-12
NCT00974714
2009-12
Q8
At the median, Arginine's trials enrolled 40 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
40
Largest enrolment
5135
Registered trials counted
122
Q9
What do 181 spontaneous reports say about Arginine — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Arginine appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 181 reaction mentions were counted: parenteral nutrition associated liver disease 50; haematuria 30; hypotension 17; drug hypersensitivity 16. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL1485 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
parenteral nutrition associated liver disease
50
haematuria
30
hypotension
17
drug hypersensitivity
16
foetal growth restriction
15
premature baby
13
4 more recorded rows
cerebral haemorrhage
12
extravasation
11
low birth weight baby
9
anaphylactic reaction
8
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q10
Was Arginine studied with exercise?
exercise is named in Arginine's label sentences: "Two-way (supplementation and time) repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that NO, L-arginine, and tetrahydrobiopterin levels in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation group were significantly higher than those in the placebo group after exercise (D6) and remained higher after 24 h of rest (D7)." openfda-label+europepmc · 2024-12-16
1 recorded statement; exercise
Show the evidence
exercise
Two-way (supplementation and time) repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that NO, L-arginine, and tetrahydrobiopterin levels in the H<sub>2</sub> inhalation group were significantly higher than those in the placebo group after exercise (D6) and remained higher after 24 h of rest (D7).
recorded 2024-12-16 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q11
What is recorded about Arginine and mTOR?
"In vitro assays confirmed l-arginine alleviated macrophage inflammation through the AMPK-mTOR/NF-κB axis." — where Arginine and mTOR appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-08-14
"In vitro assays confirmed l-arginine alleviated macrophage inflammation through the AMPK-mTOR/NF-κB axis."
AMPK
PMID 42677610
"In vitro assays confirmed l-arginine alleviated macrophage inflammation through the AMPK-mTOR/NF-κB axis."
PMID 42677610
"Collectively, C-LPE3 mitigates colitis through a microbiota-l-arginine-AMPK regulatory axis, supporting its development as a gut-health functional food ingredient."
NAD+
"NAD⁺ supplementation blunts Th1 and Th17 inflammation, in part, through arginine metabolism-dependent regulation of mitochondrial energetics, redox balance and signal transduction."
sirtuin
"Genetic depletion or pharmacologic inhibition of SIRT5 attenuated NR-mediated increases in arginine and fumarate and abolished the anti-inflammatory -effects of NR on Th1 and Th17 cytokine production."
"Mechanistically, SIRT5 physically interacted with arginosuccinate lyase (ASL), promoted ASL-dependent arginine accumulation, and regulated ASL post-translational acylation, including glutarylation and malonylation."
"Collectively, these findings identify SIRT5 as a critical mediator of NAD⁺ precursor-induced metabolic remodeling that links ASL-dependent arginine metabolism to redox balance and effector function in human CD4⁺ T cells."
NAD+
"Collectively, these findings identify SIRT5 as a critical mediator of NAD⁺ precursor-induced metabolic remodeling that links ASL-dependent arginine metabolism to redox balance and effector function in human CD4⁺ T cells."
AMPK
"The higher L-arginine availability coincided with evidence of nitric oxide production and AMPK signaling activation in both liver and adipose tissues."
mTOR
PMID 42452983
"Concurrently, L-arginine enhanced the activation state of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway (phosphorylated Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios) and improved the functional state of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore."
PMID 42166856
"Together, these findings define an immunometabolic axis-AMPK/mTOR-arginine-TCA cycle coupling-that dictates microglial fate after stroke, and suggests VK as a therapeutic agent capable of concurrently targeting neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic imbalance."
autophagy
PMID 40680670
"Concurrently, bromelain activated the AMPK-regulated autophagy-urea cycle pathway and increased intracellular levels of L-arginine, the precursor of NO, resulting in an increase in NO biosynthesis."
PMID 40680670
"Mechanistically, bromelain cleaved kininogen into bradykinin and activated B<sub>2</sub>R-TRPV1-Ca<sup>2+</sup>-AMPK-eNOS pathway and autophagy-urea cycle-L-arginine pathway, and these two events may work in concert to promote NO production in ECs."
PMID 39731500
"Importantly, L-arginine supplementation improved the survival rate of CVA6-infected mice, inhibited virus multiplication, and reduced pathological autophagy associated with mTOR-autophagy pathway in the brain."
NAD+PMID 40273333
"The enzyme resides on the endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular cell surface, where it catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribose (ADPR) from NAD<sup>+</sup> to arginine residues of neighboring target proteins, forming free nicotinamide (NAM) and N-linked mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) of the target protein."
recorded 2026-08-14 · last checked 2026-09-04
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