This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Glutamine Nitrate does in the body
The acute complications of sickle cell disease
The mechanism of action of the amino acid L-glutamine in treating sickle cell disease (SCD) is not fully understood. Oxidative stress phenomena are involved in the pathophysiology of SCD. Sickle red blood cells (RBCs) are more susceptible to oxidative damage than normal RBCs, which may contribute to the chronic hemolysis and vaso-occlusive events associated with SCD. The pyridine nucleotides, NAD + and its reduced form NADH, play roles in regulating and preventing oxidative damage in RBCs.
What happened in people
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
No reviewed claim names a result for any goal on this record.
No source is stored against this line.
The limit that matters most
Not recorded.
Where it acts
Not recorded.
Kind of result
No result is published, so no kind of result applies yet
Supervision
Not usually supervised: sold as a supplement or food ingredient where recorded. That is a legal category, not a safety judgement.
What the registries record it as
The supplement label database classes it as non-nutrient/non-botanical, under the name Glutamine nitrate.
Its recorded molecular formula is C5H10N2O3, weighing 146.15 g/mol.
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
Where each sentence above came from
No plain explanation of what this changes is stored. The page opens with what it is taken for instead, and the recorded explanation follows below.
Shown as the opening line on this page.
No statement of the main limit is recorded.
The four opening statements run to 95 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Enzyme
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up one chemical change.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
An enzyme is like a machine on a production line doing one cut.
Where that stops being true. A machine is switched on and off by a person. Enzymes are controlled by the cell.
What people get wrong. Enzymes are thought to be used up. They are not; they work again and again.
A catalytic protein that lowers the activation energy of a specific reaction.
Receptor
A receptor is a part of a cell that a signal fits into.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A receptor is like a lock waiting for one key.
Where that stops being true. A lock either opens or does not. A receptor can be half-triggered, or worn out.
What people get wrong. Fitting a receptor is read as causing a benefit. It causes a step, and nothing more.
A protein that binds a specific ligand and converts that binding into a cellular response.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What was measured, goal by goal
One row for each goal a registered study measured something for. One column for each kind of thing that could be measured.
Registered studies list 40 outcome measures that RNAWiki could read. A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. 0 of the matched studies tested this substance, and 0 posted a result.
There is no single score. A strong test result and a weak life result are different facts.
Goals down the side, kinds of measurement across the top. Each cell says what kind of thing was registered, not what was found.
Goal
Life outcome
What a body can do
How a person feels
A test result
A step in the body
Harms
How long
Who was studied
Healthy ageing
…Waiting for a reviewer2 registered study measure of this kind. No reviewed result yet.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Energy
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Blood sugar
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a symptom measure for this goal.
△Only a number moved1 registered test measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Which registered measures put each goal on this table
Healthy ageing
28 day mortality; mortality
Energy
resting energy expenditure from baseline to 12 months
Blood sugar
insulin sensitivity
Sorted by fixed word lists, version v1. A name the rules do not recognise stays unsorted rather than moving to the nearest column.
What each mark on this table means
… Waiting for a reviewer
2 registered study measure of this kind. No reviewed result yet.
∅ Nothing in the sources checked
No registered study lists a performance measure for this goal.
— Not recorded
Harms were not a registered measure for this goal.
△ Only a number moved
1 registered test measure.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Change in salivary IL-6 levels during radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT07020754
How many people
84
Study design
Phase 2
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Brachial artery Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD)
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
NCT04923555
How many people
33
Study design
Not applicable
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
Result not recorded on this page
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. No limitation is recorded for this study.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route.
Interval reported. Not recorded in this summary
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
openFDA NDC Directory · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
openFDA SPL label · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
PubChem PUG-REST · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
What we know
RNAWiki holds 2 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
■Living longer, or avoiding a major eventEvidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.4 registered measures of this kind. No reviewed result.
□What a body can do day to dayNo evidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.No registered study measures this.
□Measured performanceNo evidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.No registered study measures this.
■Symptoms and quality of lifeEvidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.1 registered measure of this kind.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.3 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in Yeast, C. elegans (roundworm), Drosophila (fruit fly), Mouse, Dog. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
irritable bowel symptom severity scale
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
plasma glutathione
insulin sensitivity
inflammatory factor
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
death or late onset sepsis
28 day mortality
mortality
event free survival
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (32)
reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea
reduction of chronic treatment related to enteropathy
resting energy expenditure from baseline to 12 months
m at 1 5 months
gut function
peripheral neuropathy
gastric emptying
reduction in diarrhea
length of icu stay
ventilator days
days receiving antibiotics
incidence of vincristine induced peripheral neuropathy
veno occlusive disease
mucositis
reduction in toxicity
acute radiation enteritis
reduction in sofa
time to discharge alive
infections
nec incidence stage and outcome
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
L-glutamine oral powder is indicated to reduce the acute complications of sickle cell disease in adult and pediatric patients 5 years of age and older.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What the label states about particular groups
On pediatric, the label states: “The safety and effectiveness of L-glutamine oral powder have been established in pediatric patients 5 years and older.”
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
On older people, the label states: “Clinical studies of L-glutamine oral powder did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.”
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are pregnant, the label states: “Risk Summary There are no available data on L-glutamine oral powder use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage.”
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
On people who are breastfeeding, the label states: “Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of L-glutamine oral powder in human milk, the effect on the breastfed infant or the effect on milk production.”
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
Where the result stopped carrying
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Varies by country
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No form or route is recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
Not usually supervised: sold as a supplement or food ingredient where recorded. That is a legal category, not a safety judgement.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing is recorded about product quality.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take∅Nothing found in the sources checked
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No harm is recorded against this substance in the sources RNAWiki checked. Finding nothing is not the same as showing there is nothing.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
The exact form studied is not recorded.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
Nothing further is recorded about which forms are sold.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
3323 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as amino acid/protein and other combinations.
Those labels carry all other, nutrient and structure/function claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
L-glutamine is oral at 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Oral powder: 5 grams of L–glutamine as a white crystalline powder in paper-foil-plastic laminate packets., recorded as fda label in effect 2026-05-27 in the United States.
US prescribing information · 3f324755-159b-40ee-a9f4-e6800558acf3 · read 2026-08-30
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
Watching one thing carefully can tell you whether it moved. It cannot tell you what moved it.
This is sold without a prescription, so a person can sensibly watch one thing and see whether it moves.
Pick one goal. One goal only. Two at once cannot be told apart afterwards.
Pick one thing to watch. Registered studies measured things like: plasma glutathione; insulin sensitivity; inflammatory factor.
Measure before you start. Take the same measurement several times first. One reading is not a starting point.
Know the swing. Write down how much it moves on its own across a normal week.
Change one thing. Change nothing else at the same time, including training and sleep.
Give it the study length. No finished study window is recorded, so no length is suggested here.
Track whether you took it. Missed days are the most common reason a home test shows nothing.
Read the trend. Look at the line across weeks. A single reading tells you almost nothing.
What not to measure
Anything that swings more day to day than the change you are looking for.
A wearable estimate of sleep stages, which is an estimate and not a measurement.
Weight on one morning, which mostly records water.
A feeling you did not write down before starting, such as: irritable bowel symptom severity scale.
When to stop
Stop if something new and unpleasant starts, and ask a pharmacist or doctor.
Stop if you cannot keep everything else steady, because the result will not mean anything.
Stop at the end of the window you set, and read the trend then.
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki does not work out an amount for anyone.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
How much did people take in the studies?
The sources RNAWiki checked hold nothing for this field.
Why it matters. A result belongs to an amount. Without the amount the result floats free.
What would answer it
A stored source that records it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Glutamine Nitrate are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
No reviewed mechanism story exists for this substance.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
What happened in people∅Nothing found in the sources checked
Check any of this yourself
Every line above traced back to the study it came from. This is the technical layer, and the vocabulary changes here.
∅Nothing found in the sources checked
No traced study record is stored for this substance.
The sources listed were searched and held nothing. That is not the same as nothing existing.
Checks this page had to pass
✓ Passed
Identity resolved
no open identity hold
✓ Passed
No unresolved merge across substance families
no quarantine open
✓ Passed
Every public sentence names a source
The opening statement carries the origin: Written into the record, not signed off.
✗ Not passed
Trial roles classified for highlighted evidence
No registered study is classified as testing this substance.
✓ Passed
No internal keys in reader text
enforced by the copy-contract test over the rendered page
✓ Passed
Safety mode resolved
The identity record classes it as a supplement ingredient; no medicines register records an approval.
✓ Passed
Canonical metadata present
slug and display name present
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What to learn next
Ordered by what would most change how you read this page, starting with what is easiest to misunderstand.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
7 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
The path through the body — found nothing in the sources checked.
How long anything takes — found nothing in the sources checked.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
Claims that go past the evidence — found nothing in the sources checked.
How this medicine reached us — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
Recorded evidence blocks (11)
Q1
What did Glutamine Nitrate's largest trial (1433 people) and its longest (16 years) measure?
1433 people in Glutamine Nitrate's largest registered study, 16 years in its longest registered window, measuring 28-day Mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
27 phase2, 24 na, 19 phase3, 13 phase1, 9 phase4, 1 early phase1, 1 na or unstated; NCT01704664; 2022-10; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2025, NCT05655819.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Glutamine Nitrate was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase2
27
na
24
phase3
19
phase1
13
phase4
9
early phase1
1
2 more recorded rows
na or unstated
1
Last recorded human testNCT05655819
2025-12-31
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From yeast to human: where has Glutamine Nitrate shown lifespan?
16 of Glutamine Nitrate's trials stopped: safety, accrual/recruitment, funding/business, other?
safety (1), accrual/recruitment (6), funding/business (4) and other (5): Glutamine Nitrate's stop wording, clustered. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
"Withdrawn due to drug availability and funding"; 16 of 86 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00006994
terminated; "Withdrawn due to drug availability and funding"
NCT00131508
terminated; "Due to slow participant accrual"
NCT00181753
withdrawn; "State of Mass. tightened regulations for making intravenous solutions for research subjects. Study was withdrawn and no participants were enrolled."
NCT00217724
terminated; "Only able to accrue just 18 of the 40 target \& funds were limited."
NCT00318331
terminated; "Unable to meet enrollment numbers"
NCT00334984
withdrawn; "Withdrawn due to inability to reach an acceptable agreement with industry sponsor"
10 further recorded trials
NCT00395161
terminated; "Terminated for futility on 11/30/09 based on the recommendation of the DSMB"
NCT00913692
terminated; "Terminated due to slow recruitment."
NCT00922714
terminated; "Slow recruitment, stopped after 4 years"
NCT01157039
withdrawn; "abandoned"
NCT01783522
terminated; "Research Cancelled"
NCT01952847
terminated; "Per PI"
NCT02012608
terminated; "Lack of funding/ PI leaving institution"
NCT02215083
withdrawn; "Insufficient Patient Population"
NCT02589145
terminated; "Closed due to very slow accrual"
NCT02961816
withdrawn; "Lack of funding"
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
More Glutamine Nitrate was worse in human: at what point?
U-shaped in human: "A plasmonic fiberoptic absorption biosensor (P-FAB), an emerging technology that utilizes a compact U-shaped optical fiber with an enhanced evanescent field and plasmonic labels to give rise to an ultra-high analyte detection sensitivity, was employed to detect L-Glutamine (L-Gln) as a biomarker using a competitive…" Europe PMC · dose-response search · 2026-08-11
5 recorded sentences naming Glutamine Nitrate; U-shaped, hormetic, dose-response, biphasic
Show the evidence
U-shapedPMID 42019074
"A plasmonic fiberoptic absorption biosensor (P-FAB), an emerging technology that utilizes a compact U-shaped optical fiber with an enhanced evanescent field and plasmonic labels to give rise to an ultra-high analyte detection sensitivity, was employed to detect L-Glutamine (L-Gln) as a biomarker using a competitive immunoassay for early cancer detection."
hormetic
PMID 39681506
"The outcomes of these clinical studies, along with preclinical investigations, suggest that cellular stress responses to glutamine deprivation or targeting may be modeled as a biphasic hormetic response."
PMID 39681506
"To achieve clinical efficacy, we posit that as a field we will need to anticipate the hormetic effects of glutamine stress and consider how best to co-target cancer cell adaptive mechanisms."
dose-responsePMID 42196028
"Ornithine, glutamine, citrulline, pyroglutamic acid, and theanine exhibited a positive dose-response in umami perception, with potential synergistic effects observed in the presence of 0.5 mmol/L IMP."
biphasicPMID 42580652
"MRS detected early increases in GABA, glutamine, taurine, and glutathione, with corresponding decreases in NAA, while inositol showed a biphasic decrease-increase profile, likely reflecting acute astrocytic dysfunction followed by gliosis - neuroinflammatory processes that were corroborated by immunohistochemistry."
recorded 2026-08-11 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q5
Could one person measure Glutamine Nitrate's effect on reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea?
Reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea: measured in Glutamine Nitrate's trials.
Interpretation reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea; 2026-09-01
reduction of chronic treatment related to enteropathy; 2026-09-01
death or late onset sepsis; 2026-09-01
resting energy expenditure from baseline to 12 months; 2026-09-01
m at 1 5 months; 2026-09-01
28 day mortality; 2026-09-01
14 more recorded rows
biomarkers
gut function; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
peripheral neuropathy; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
gastric emptying; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
reduction in diarrhea; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
mortality; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
length of icu stay; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
ventilator days; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
days receiving antibiotics; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
incidence of vincristine induced peripheral neuropathy; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
veno occlusive disease; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
mucositis; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
reduction in toxicity; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
acute radiation enteritis; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
plasma glutathione; 2026-09-01
half life
2026-09-04; halfLife; 2026-06-10
human trials at or under30
36
smallest human trial
0; NCT00181753; NA; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q6
Which of 28 day mortality, acute radiation enteritis and bloodstream infections did Glutamine Nitrate's trials measure?
28 day mortality, acute radiation enteritis and bloodstream infections lead 40 outcome terms across Glutamine Nitrate's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
resting energy expenditure from baseline to 12 months, m at 1 5 months, 28 day mortality, gut function, peripheral neuropathy and gastric emptying follow.
Show the evidence
reduction of acute treatment related to diarrhea
1
reduction of chronic treatment related to enteropathy
1
death or late onset sepsis
1
resting energy expenditure from baseline to 12 months
1
m at 1 5 months
1
28 day mortality
1
14 more recorded rows
gut function
1
peripheral neuropathy
1
gastric emptying
1
reduction in diarrhea
1
mortality
1
length of icu stay
1
ventilator days
1
days receiving antibiotics
1
incidence of vincristine induced peripheral neuropathy
1
veno occlusive disease
1
mucositis
1
reduction in toxicity
1
acute radiation enteritis
1
plasma glutathione
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Which of Glutamine Nitrate's 5 ongoing trials reports first?
Number of participants with recurrent CDI.; To determine if oral glutamine supplementation will improve the Symptom Severity Scale in Veterans with GWI and chronic GI Symptoms.; latest 2028-11-01
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT04305769
"Alanyl-glutamine Supplementation for C. Difficile Treatment (ACT)"; n 260; "Number of participants with recurrent CDI."; 2027-06-30
NCT05972291
"Mechanisms of Gulf War Illness"; n 80; "To determine if oral glutamine supplementation will improve the Symptom Severity Scale in Veterans with GWI and chronic GI Symptoms."; 2027-09-30
NCT06027242
"Oral Supplementation of Glutamine on Gastric Cancer Patients After Gastrectomy"; n 120; "Change of area of psoas muscle"; 2026-08-30
NCT06617182
"Efficacy and Safety of Thalidomide Combined With Glutamine in the Treatment of Radiation Intestinal Injury."; n 150; "Treatment response rate."; 2028-11-01
NCT07287592
"Glutamine for the Prophylaxis of Vincristine-induced Neuropathy in Children and Adolescents With Cancer."; n 70; "safety outcome"; 2027-04-30
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q8
Which 31 trials of Glutamine Nitrate posted no result?
Posted no result
31 of 31 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00005775, NCT00003170, NCT00003898, NCT00010634, NCT00213668 and NCT00016653, and 25 more
Completion dates
oldest 2001-08; newest 2022-02-04
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00005775
2001-08
NCT00003170
2003-06
NCT00003898
2004-01
NCT00010634
2004-07
NCT00213668
2005-12-31
NCT00016653
2006-12
14 further recorded trials
NCT00213551
2008-06
NCT00838149
2008-11
NCT00910442
2009-02
NCT00943020
2009-11
NCT00772824
2009-12
NCT00255229
2010-01
NCT00645879
2010-02
NCT01051999
2011-02
NCT00828399
2011-05
NCT00455247
2012-01
NCT01798342
2012-07
NCT01087658
2013-03
NCT03048994
2013-06
NCT05054517
2014-01
Q9
At the median, Glutamine Nitrate's trials enrolled 40 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
40
Largest enrolment
1433
Registered trials counted
82
Q10
Was Glutamine Nitrate studied with exercise?
exercise is named in Glutamine Nitrate's label sentences: "A 6-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, assigning participants to either a glutamine supplementation group (ExGln) or a placebo group (ExPla), both undergoing a standardized exercise program." openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-01-15
1 recorded statement; exercise
Show the evidence
exercise
A 6-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, assigning participants to either a glutamine supplementation group (ExGln) or a placebo group (ExPla), both undergoing a standardized exercise program.
recorded 2026-01-15 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q11
What is recorded about Glutamine Nitrate and autophagy?
"To clarify whether glutamine induces autophagy to promote skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses." — where Glutamine Nitrate and autophagy appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-08-19
"To clarify whether glutamine induces autophagy to promote skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses."
AMPKPMID 42045032
"The key findings were validated in C2C12 myoblasts treated with glutamine (Gln) and an AMPK inhibitor."
mTORPMID 42045032
"In C2C12 myoblasts, treatment with glutamine obviously promoted autophagy, activated AMPK/FOXO3a signaling and inhibited the mTOR pathway, and these effects were strongly blocked by the AMPK inhibitor."
AMPKPMID 42045032
"In C2C12 myoblasts, treatment with glutamine obviously promoted autophagy, activated AMPK/FOXO3a signaling and inhibited the mTOR pathway, and these effects were strongly blocked by the AMPK inhibitor."
autophagyPMID 42045032
"In C2C12 myoblasts, treatment with glutamine obviously promoted autophagy, activated AMPK/FOXO3a signaling and inhibited the mTOR pathway, and these effects were strongly blocked by the AMPK inhibitor."
mTORPMID 42045032
"Glutamine promotes autophagy through activation of the AMPK/FOXO3a signaling axis and suppression of the mTOR pathway, leading to skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia."
4 more recorded rows
AMPKPMID 42045032
"Glutamine promotes autophagy through activation of the AMPK/FOXO3a signaling axis and suppression of the mTOR pathway, leading to skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia."
autophagyPMID 42045032
"Glutamine promotes autophagy through activation of the AMPK/FOXO3a signaling axis and suppression of the mTOR pathway, leading to skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia."
"Inhibition of the glutamine-fueled TCA cycle using NAD<sup>+</sup>-depleting complex I inhibitors promotes MYC-dependent synthetic lethality in breast cancer cells."
sirtuin
PMID 42508531
"In conclusion, NMN alleviates oxidative stress and improves HFSC function in AA by activating the SIRT7-GLS1 axis and enhancing glutamine metabolism, revealing a novel therapeutic target for AA."
PMID 39682281
"Furthermore, SIRT5 modulates glutamine and glutathione metabolism, offering an avenue to disrupt PDAC's metabolic dependencies."
senolyticPMID 42688195
"Building on those directional findings, this short communication proposes a minimal three-arm oral regimen with unequal evidentiary weight: first, the Cheung Glutamatergic Regimen, consisting of low-dose dextromethorphan potentiated by a CYP2D6 inhibitor together with piracetam and L-glutamine, as an exploratory adjunct aimed at preserving residual functional connectivity; second, daily…"
NAD+
PMID 42688195
"Building on those directional findings, this short communication proposes a minimal three-arm oral regimen with unequal evidentiary weight: first, the Cheung Glutamatergic Regimen, consisting of low-dose dextromethorphan potentiated by a CYP2D6 inhibitor together with piracetam and L-glutamine, as an exploratory adjunct aimed at preserving residual functional connectivity; second, daily…"
PMID 39523113
"Here we investigated the effect of glutamine deprivation on cellular metabolism and sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells U87MG and T98G to drugs of various origin: alkylating cytostatic agent temozolomide; cytokine TRAIL DR5-B - agonist of the DR5 receptor; and GMX1778 - a targeted inhibitor of the enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), limiting NAD biosynthesis."
sirtuinPMID 38827477
"The results showed that SIRT5 overexpression reduced the content of NH<sub>3</sub> and glutamate in cells by inhibiting glutaminase activity in glutamine metabolism, and reduced the ratio of ADP/ATP."
recorded 2026-08-19 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
Salt form
Glutamine
Trade name
Endari, L-Glutamine High 7406, L-Glutamine / Endari / L-Glutamine High 7406
Sources (9)
Sources
ClinicalTrials.govClinicalTrials.gov API v2 snapshot 2026-09-01T09:00:05 ·
ClinicalTrials.gov — US Government work · Europe PMC — metadata only, under the recorded legal gate · derived from this page's own recorded fields; no external licence · mixed register set; per-register licences in docs/specs/corpus-20k-sources.md · openFDA / DailyMed — US Government work
✗ required summary fields resolved: 4 required field(s) not terminal: Why people use it, Best-supported result, Biggest unanswered question, Human evidence
✓ public claims reviewed: 0 reviewed claim(s); drafts are never rendered
✓ source coverage passed: 9 source rows
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