This page shows what was measured, who it was measured in, and what that does not settle.
What Colchicine Conformational Isomer does in the body
Colchicine binds the building block of those tubes so they cannot assemble.
White blood cells crawl, grip and reorganise themselves using internal scaffolding made of protein tubes. The cells cannot move properly, cannot stick to vessel walls as readily, and cannot assemble the machine that makes one of the main inflammatory signals. That is why it works in gout, and it is the reason it was tried in artery disease.
Why people take it. Gout attacks, familial Mediterranean fever, and — for one specific product — reducing heart attack and stroke risk in established artery disease
What happened in people
A primary composite of 5.5% against 7.1% in 4,745 patients within 30 days of myocardial infarction
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The recorded finding that sits closest to something a person would notice. Written into the record, not signed off, and it carries no population or interval.
That lowering C-reactive protein with colchicine indicates cardiovascular benefit — the marker fell in all four trials and events fell in two
Where it acts
Neutrophil and monocyte cytoskeleton
Kind of result
The kind of result is not recorded
Supervision
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
What the registries record it as
The substance registry classes this as chemical.
FDA substance registry · SML2Y3J35T · read 2026-08-29
Its recorded molecular formula is C22H25NO6, weighing 399.4.
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
Where each sentence above came from
A person wrote this explanation into the record, with the studies named in the path below.
The recorded use, written for a reader without medical training. Not signed off.
A limit recorded against this substance. Not signed off as a reviewed claim.
The four opening statements run to 109 words.
Words this page uses
Four words worth knowing first
Chosen from what this page shows, with each one explained before the word it depends on.
Stand-in result
A stand-in result is a number measured because the real result takes too long.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like judging a journey by the speedometer rather than by arriving.
Where that stops being true. Speed does predict arrival. Many stand-in results do not predict the real one.
What people get wrong. A stand-in result is often reported as the result itself.
A surrogate endpoint substituted for a clinical endpoint, valid only where the substitution has been shown to hold.
Randomisation
Randomisation means chance decides who gets which treatment.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like a coin toss deciding the groups.
Where that stops being true. A coin toss is fair once. Fairness here comes from doing it for everyone.
What people get wrong. It is thought to make groups identical. It makes them similar on average, including on things nobody measured.
Allocation of participants to arms by a chance process, so that unmeasured factors are balanced in expectation.
Confidence interval
A confidence interval is the range the true answer is likely to sit in.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
It is like a weather forecast giving a range rather than one number.
Where that stops being true. A forecast range covers tomorrow. This one covers what the study could resolve.
What people get wrong. The middle number is read as the answer. A range crossing zero means no change is still possible.
An interval estimate that would contain the true parameter in a stated proportion of repeated studies.
Pathway
A pathway is a chain of steps inside a cell, each one setting off the next.
A picture of it, and where the picture fails
A pathway is like a row of dominoes.
Where that stops being true. Dominoes fall one way. Pathways loop back and can switch themselves off.
What people get wrong. Changing one step is read as changing the outcome. Other steps often absorb it.
An ordered series of molecular interactions producing a defined cellular change.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What was measured, goal by goal
One row for each goal a registered study measured something for. One column for each kind of thing that could be measured.
Registered studies list 40 outcome measures that RNAWiki could read. A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. 0 of the matched studies tested this substance, and 0 posted a result.
There is no single score. A strong test result and a weak life result are different facts.
Goals down the side, kinds of measurement across the top. Each cell says what kind of thing was registered, not what was found.
Goal
Life outcome
What a body can do
How a person feels
A test result
A step in the body
Harms
How long
Who was studied
Pain
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
…Waiting for a reviewer1 registered performance measure of this kind.
…Waiting for a reviewer3 registered symptom measure.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a test result for this goal.
∅Nothing in the sources checkedNo registered study lists a body-step measure for this goal.
—Not recordedHarms were not a registered measure for this goal.
—Not recordedNo finished study window is recorded.
…Waiting for a reviewerWho was studied is listed further down the page.
Which registered measures put each goal on this table
Pain
vas for shoulder pain; shoulder pain and disability index; pain intensity; intensity of pain
Sorted by fixed word lists, version v1. A name the rules do not recognise stays unsorted rather than moving to the nearest column.
What each mark on this table means
∅ Nothing in the sources checked
No registered study lists a life outcome for this goal.
… Waiting for a reviewer
1 registered performance measure of this kind.
— Not recorded
Harms were not a registered measure for this goal.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What happened in people
Each card is one study: the exact question it asked, who was in it, and whether it showed what it set out to show.
Composite of cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke or urgent hospitalisation for angina leading to revascularisation
✓ The study showed what it set out to show
Who was studied
COLCOT (NCT02551094)
How many people
4745
Study design
Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial, median 22.6 months
Compared against
A dummy treatment
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
HR 0.77 (95% CI 0.61-0.96), P = 0.02
Repeated elsewhere
Failed to Replicate
What this does not prove. Meeting one endpoint in one population does not carry to other goals or other people.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. The composite was driven by stroke (HR 0.26) and urgent revascularisation (HR 0.50); myocardial infarction gave 0.91 and cardiovascular death 0.84, neither significant. Pneumonia as a serious adverse event was 0.9% against 0.4% (p=0.03).
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
Interval reported. 95% CI 0
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
Composite of cardiovascular death, spontaneous myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke or ischaemia-driven coronary revascularisation
✓ The study showed what it set out to show
Who was studied
LoDoCo2 (ACTRN12614000093684)
How many people
5522
Study design
Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial, median 28.6 months
Compared against
A dummy treatment
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.57-0.83), P < 0.001
Repeated elsewhere
Failed to Replicate
What this does not prove. Meeting one endpoint in one population does not carry to other goals or other people.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. Death from non-cardiovascular causes was higher on colchicine: 0.7 against 0.5 per 100 person-years, HR 1.51 (0.99-2.31), reported without explanation.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
Interval reported. 95% CI 0
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled 2-by-2 factorial trial, median 3 years
Compared against
A dummy treatment
Kind of result
Living longer, or avoiding a major event
What was found
HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.85-1.16), P = 0.93
Repeated elsewhere
Failed to Replicate
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. C-reactive protein fell by 1.28 mg/L at 3 months, confirming target engagement while the endpoint did not move. Diarrhoea 10.2% against 6.6% (p<0.001). Vital status unknown for 45 patients (0.6%).
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
Interval reported. 95% CI 0
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
First fatal or non-fatal recurrent ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest or hospitalisation for unstable angina
✗ The study did not show it
Who was studied
CONVINCE (NCT02898610)
How many people
3154
Study design
Randomised open-label trial with blinded endpoint assessment, terminated early
Compared against
Not recorded for this study
Kind of result
A number that stands in for health
What was found
HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.68-1.05), P = 0.12 against a prespecified threshold of 0.048
Repeated elsewhere
Unreplicated
What this does not prove. A study that did not show an effect does not show that no effect exists anywhere.
The limits of this study, and where it came from
Main limit. The trial ended before the planned 367 outcomes accrued because of pandemic-related budget constraints, so it is underpowered rather than negative in the usual sense.
How far it carries. This study is recorded from the curated record, not from the registry match.
Form and route. Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
Interval reported. 95% CI 0
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim.
RNAWiki holds 4 written-up human studies for this substance, each with the question it asked.
How we know it
Each card names the study, the number of people and what the study set out to measure.
What this does not prove
These summaries were written by a person and have not been signed off as reviewed claims.
Why it matters
A study that failed is as informative as one that worked, and both are here.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim exists, so no exact population, effect size or interval is published yet.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How close this is to real life
The top step is something a person would feel or care about. The bottom is a guess from software. Filled steps are where evidence exists for this substance.
■Living longer, or avoiding a major eventEvidence recorded. Death, a heart attack, a stroke, a hospital stay.1 registered measure of this kind. 1 written-up study measured this and did not show a benefit.
■What a body can do day to dayEvidence recorded. Walking, dressing, breathing, recovering.1 registered measure of this kind.
■Measured performanceEvidence recorded. How much was lifted, how far was run, how fast.1 registered measure of this kind.
■Symptoms and quality of lifeEvidence recorded. Pain, tiredness, mood, sleep, as the person rated it.3 registered measures of this kind.
■A number that stands in for healthEvidence recorded. Cholesterol, blood sugar, bone density. A stand-in, not the thing itself.10 registered measures of this kind.
■A step measured inside a personEvidence recorded. Something measured in human tissue or human cells.A human record sits on the stored organism ladder.
■AnimalsEvidence recorded. Mice, rats, dogs. Useful for ideas, not proof about people.Stored records in Drosophila (fruit fly), Mouse, Rat. A result in animals says what to test next. It does not say what happens in people.
■Cells in a dishEvidence recorded. Cells or chemistry on a bench, far from a whole body.Stored mechanism abstracts describe steps measured in cells or tissue.
□A guess from softwareNo evidence recorded. Nobody measured it. RNAWiki never publishes one as a finding.RNAWiki stores no prediction for this record. Software can suggest a link. RNAWiki does not publish one as a finding.
Higher on these steps means closer to something a person would feel. It does not mean better done.
What it changes in the body◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
The path through the body
From what a person takes to what changes. A solid line is a step measured in people. A dashed line is a step nobody has measured that way.
Start
Colchicine Conformational Isomer
What a person takes: Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet.
The measurement behind this step
Once or twice daily depending on indication. Bioavailability is limited by intestinal P-glycoprotein efflux and first-pass CYP3A4 metabolism, and both routes are inhibited by common drugs, which is why the interaction list is the dominant safety consideration rather than the dose itself.
Getting in
Absorbed variably, and pumped back out by the same protein that limits many drugs
Roughly half of a dose reaches the bloodstream. A pump in the gut wall actively pushes some of it back, and drugs that block that pump raise colchicine levels sharply.
╌╌Described, with no measurement named. No measurement is named for this step, so it is drawn as an unconfirmed link.
The measurement behind this step
Oral bioavailability is roughly 45%, limited by P-glycoprotein-mediated intestinal efflux and CYP3A4 metabolism. Elimination is partly biliary with enterohepatic recirculation and partly renal. The narrow margin between therapeutic and toxic exposure means that inhibitors of CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein — clarithromycin, ketoconazole, ciclosporin, verapamil, ritonavir — are a genuine hazard rather than a caution.
It concentrates in white cells because they cannot pump it out
Colchicine binds a protein present in every cell, yet acts mainly on inflammatory cells. The reason is that neutrophils have little of the pump that other cells use to expel it.
──Measured in people. Written by a person from the study named beside the step. Not signed off as a reviewed claim.
The measurement behind this step
Neutrophils express comparatively low levels of P-glycoprotein and therefore accumulate colchicine to concentrations several-fold above plasma, while most other tissues efflux it. This transport asymmetry, rather than any target selectivity, is why an antimitotic agent behaves as a selective anti-inflammatory at doses far below those that affect dividing tissue generally.
It poisons the tips of growing microtubules, not every tubulin molecule
The drug does not need to bind most of the building blocks. A few poisoned ones incorporated at the growing tip are enough to stop the whole structure extending.
╌╌Described, with no measurement named. No measurement is named for this step, so it is drawn as an unconfirmed link.
The measurement behind this step
Colchicine binds at the alpha-beta tubulin dimer interface, at a site distinct from the vinca and taxane sites, in a slow and effectively irreversible fashion. The bound dimer can still add to a microtubule plus end but blocks further elongation, so substoichiometric occupancy suppresses assembly — the reason therapeutic concentrations are orders of magnitude below tubulin concentration.
Inflammatory cells lose their scaffolding and their signalling machine
Without microtubules, white cells cannot crawl toward a target, cannot display their sticky surface molecules properly, and cannot assemble the complex that produces a key inflammatory alarm signal.
╌╌Described, with no measurement named. No measurement is named for this step, so it is drawn as an unconfirmed link.
The measurement behind this step
Microtubule disruption impairs neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion and E-selectin and L-selectin display, and blocks assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome, reducing caspase-1 activation and interleukin-1 beta release. In gout this prevents the response to monosodium urate crystals. In atherosclerosis it was the proposed route to fewer plaque events, and C-reactive protein — an interleukin-6-driven hepatic acute phase protein downstream of interleukin-1 beta — is the readout used to confirm the effect.
Gout flares abort reliably; cardiovascular events do so inconsistently
In gout the effect is clear and long established. In artery disease two trials found substantial benefit, the largest trial found none, and the inflammation marker fell in all of them.
╌╌Described, with no measurement named. No measurement is named for this step, so it is drawn as an unconfirmed link.
The measurement behind this step
COLCOT: primary composite 5.5% against 7.1%, hazard ratio 0.77, p=0.02. LoDoCo2: 6.8% against 9.6%, hazard ratio 0.69, p<0.001. CLEAR SYNERGY: 9.1% against 9.3%, hazard ratio 0.99, p=0.93, with a C-reactive protein difference of -1.28 mg/L. CONVINCE: hazard ratio 0.84, p=0.12 against a 0.048 threshold, with C-reactive protein lower at every timepoint.
No suggested links are held for this record, so nothing is hidden from this path.
What we know
The record describes 5 steps from taking it to an effect in a person.
How we know it
Each step names the study behind it in the technical detail beside it.
What this does not prove
A change inside the body is a reason to look. It is not a result in a person.
Why it matters
A reader can see exactly where the chain stops being measured in people.
What we still do not know
No reviewed claim binds any of these steps to a named population.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Felt, measured, or meaningful
Three different things that get called the same word. Registered studies measured all three, and mixing them is how a blood test becomes a health claim.
Felt
Things a person could notice without a test.
vas for shoulder pain
pain intensity
intensity of pain
Measured
Things only a test, a scale or a device shows.
maximum plasma concentration
24 hr urine protein collection
maximum serum concentration
maximal plasma concentration
time to maximum plasma concentration
serum uric acid
maximum plasma concentration of theophylline
c reactive protein
serum urate 5 0 / at month 3
urinary protein excretion from baseline to 18 months
Meaningful
Things that change how a life goes, not only a number.
shoulder pain and disability index
overall survival
A registered study says what someone planned to measure. It does not say what they found. A number moving is not the same as a life going better. The two are shown apart here.
Felt, but not shown to help. A person notices a change. No study showed it leads anywhere good.
Measured, but not felt. A number moves. The person notices nothing. Both can be true.
Measured, but not shown to matter. A number moves in the good direction. Nobody showed that lives went better.
Matters, but takes years. The result that counts may take longer than anyone would keep watching.
Names that fit none of the three (25)
recurrence rate at 18 months
postpericardiotomy syndrome
proliferative vitreoretinopathy
retinal reattachment rate
iranian behcet s disease dynamic activity measurement
frequency of ulcers
core study mean number of gout flares per
shoulder range of motion
apparent first order terminal elimination rate constant
apparent first order terminal elimination half life
apparent total volume of distribution after administration
gout flares per from day 1 to week 16
psa response rate
apparent total body clearance of theophylline
apparent total volume of distribution of theophylline
clinically significant atrial fibrillation
acute gout flare times
reduction in apociii levels
improvement of rh pat at 1 month
myocardial damage marker levels
These are harms, study-process measures, or names the rules did not recognise. They are shown rather than dropped.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
How long anything takes
Nine different lengths of time that get confused with each other. None of them is worked out from another.
Before anything is noticed.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before a test result moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Before performance moves.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
How long the result was watched.No finished study window is recorded for a study that tested this substance.
How long people took it.How long people actually took it is not stored. The study window is not the same thing.
How long people were followed.Follow-up length is not stored separately. It is never read off the study window, which would be a different thing.
How fast the body clears it. 26.6 to 31.2 hours hours
Read from the label, which states: “Following multiple oral doses (0.6 mg twice daily), the mean elimination half-lives in young healthy volunteers (mean age 25 to 28 years of age) is 26.6 to 31.2 hours.”
How long effects linger.RNAWiki does not store this separately, and never works it out from another figure on this page.
Beyond the studies. Nothing is recorded about the long term.
The longest finished study sets the edge of what anyone measured.
A study window is not how long people took it, and neither is how long they were followed. Where RNAWiki holds only one of the three, it shows one.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Were people like you studied?
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it, and where the result stops carrying.
Who was studied
People similar to this profile were included.
People with gout, people with familial Mediterranean fever, people with recurrent pericarditis, and — following the 2023 approval — some people with established coronary disease.
Who is missing from the studies
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What the label states about particular groups
On pediatric, the label states: “The safety and efficacy of colchicine in children of all ages with FMF has been evaluated in uncontrolled studies.”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
On older people, the label states: “Clinical studies with colchicine for treatment of FMF did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
On people who are pregnant, the label states: “Risk Summary Available data from published literature on colchicine use in pregnancy over several decades have not identified any drug associated risks for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see Data).”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
On people who are breastfeeding, the label states: “8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Infertility Case reports and epidemiology studies in human male subjects on colchicine therapy indicated that infertility from colchicine is rare and may be reversible.”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
On people with reduced liver function, the label states: “The clearance of colchicine may be significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged in patients with chronic hepatic impairment compared to healthy subjects [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )].”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
On people with reduced kidney function, the label states: “Colchicine is significantly excreted in urine in healthy subjects.”
US prescribing information · d010a735-1a20-23fe-e053-2995a90abe0f · read 2026-08-30
Where the result stopped carrying
CLEAR SYNERGY: the largest and longest trial in the setting where COLCOT was positive, returning 0.99 with p=0.93
CONVINCE: missed its prespecified significance threshold at p=0.12, having ended early for pandemic-related budget reasons
The individual components of COLCOT: myocardial infarction (0.91) and cardiovascular death (0.84) were both non-significant
This is a scope explorer, not a diagnosis engine.
It shows who was studied so you can see whether people similar to you were included.
RNAWiki cannot tell whether a study fits you. It can show who was in it.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Why it might seem to do nothing
A real effect and a noticed effect are different things. These are the recorded reasons the two come apart.
It was studied for a different goal
The studies measured something else entirely.
On this record: Some registered studies measured things that match no goal on this page.
It was studied in different people
The people in the studies were not much like the reader.
On this record: Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
The evidence may simply be wrong
Small early studies often do not hold up.
On this record: RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Other reasons RNAWiki checked and found nothing for (10)
A different form was studied
The studied form is not the form on the shelf. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
There was nothing to correct
Where a level is already normal, topping it up may change nothing. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else had to happen too
In the studies it was paired with training, a diet or another treatment. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The change is too small to feel
A real change can still sit below what a person notices. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Day-to-day swing hides it
Sleep, food, stress and time of day move most numbers more than this would. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Not enough time yet
The studies ran longer than the person has waited. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
It was not taken as studied
Missed days change the result, and studies count them. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
Something else changed at the same time
Two changes at once cannot be told apart afterwards. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
The product may not be what it says
Contents of a sold product are not always what the label states. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
No recorded reason
RNAWiki has nothing stored that would explain it. Nothing in this record points to this reason.
None of these is a reason to take more. Taking more is not a step this page ever suggests.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What taking it involves
The recorded facts about getting hold of it and using it. Nothing here is a suggestion about what you should do.
How it is supplied
Prescription only
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
Read from the recorded approval status.
No source is stored against this line.
Form and route
Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form and route recorded on this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
Who oversees it
RNAWiki has not recorded a supervision or regulatory status for this substance.
❝ Quoted from a source
Where this came from
Copied from a source RNAWiki stored, with the source named.
No register row and no identity class settled the question.
No source is stored against this line.
What is in the pack
Once or twice daily depending on indication.
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
Recorded notes on how this is sold. The rest of the recorded wording: Bioavailability is limited by intestinal P-glycoprotein efflux and first-pass CYP3A4 metabolism, and both routes are inhibited by common drugs, which is why the interaction list is the dominant safety consideration rather than the dose itself.
No source is stored against this line.
Where it is registered
Regulatory records are listed in the technical disclosure at the foot of this page.
# Counted from records
Where this came from
A count of rows RNAWiki holds. It describes our records, not your body.
Register entries are stored per jurisdiction and shown with their dates.
No source is stored against this line.
Why people stop
Not recorded.
∅ Nothing recorded
Where this came from
RNAWiki holds nothing here and says so rather than guessing.
No record of why people stopped taking it is stored for this substance.
No source is stored against this line.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What can go wrong
Sorted by where each line came from. A regulator's label and a report somebody sent in are not the same kind of fact.
·Worth asking a clinician aboutWritten into the record from the studies named on this page
Diarrhoea is the commonest effect and is dose-related: 10.2% against 6.6% on placebo in CLEAR SYNERGY. Fatal toxicity occurs in overdose and in the setting of interacting drugs or renal impairment, presents as multi-organ failure, and has no antidote. Myopathy and rhabdomyolysis occur, particularly with statins or ciclosporin. Bone marrow suppression occurs with prolonged high exposure. COLCOT reported more pneumonia as a serious adverse event and LoDoCo2 more non-cardiovascular death; neither was reproduced in the larger CLEAR SYNERGY.
Nobody counted how many people took this and were fine, so this cannot be turned into a rate.
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction.
Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing.
The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete.
News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report.
A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Colchicine Conformational Isomer appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 1662 reaction mentions were counted. One report can name several reactions.
The recorded terms (10)
diarrhoea — 432 reaction mentions
toxicity to various agents — 260 reaction mentions
drug interaction — 176 reaction mentions
acute kidney injury — 159 reaction mentions
rhabdomyolysis — 125 reaction mentions
abdominal pain — 113 reaction mentions
gout — 109 reaction mentions
drug intolerance — 105 reaction mentions
thrombocytopenia — 92 reaction mentions
pancytopenia — 91 reaction mentions
open-targets-adr · recorded 2026-06-24 · a recorded source, not a stored snapshot
Over a long time. No completed tested study window is recorded, so long-term effects are not established by the registry record.
Groups the studies covered thinly. Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded for this substance. Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, older adults, and people with liver or kidney conditions are commonly excluded from trials; nothing here says whether they were.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Does the exact form matter?
Evidence belongs to the exact thing that was tested. A different salt, a different mixture or a different preparation is a different question.
The form that was studied
Oral tablet and capsule, plus an oral solution; the cardiovascular product is a 0.5 mg tablet
✎ Source-linked record
Where this came from
A person wrote this into the record with the study named beside it. No reviewer has signed it off.
The form used in the studies cited on this page.
No source is stored against this line.
What is sold
A recorded note compares this form with the others that are sold. It is kept below, word for word.
§ A fixed RNAWiki sentence
Where this came from
Wording RNAWiki always uses, not a finding about this substance.
The recorded note, unchanged: Bioavailability is limited by intestinal P-glycoprotein efflux and first-pass CYP3A4 metabolism, and both routes are inhibited by common drugs, which is why the interaction list is the dominant safety consideration rather than the dose itself.
No source is stored against this line.
What is recorded as being sold
67 products list this as an active ingredient in the United States drug directory. 62 of them contain it and nothing else.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 82867-001 · read 2026-08-29
They are sold as capsule, powder, solution, tablet and tablet, film coated, taken oral.
FDA National Drug Code directory · 82867-001 · read 2026-08-29
The regulator's established pharmacologic class for it is alkaloid [epc], alkaloids [cs] and cytochrome p450 3a4 inhibitors [moa].
FDA National Drug Code directory · 82867-001 · read 2026-08-29
57 published labels name it as an active ingredient. 53 of them describe this substance alone, which is where its own label text on this page comes from.
US prescribing information · 16d8e0f4-567d-4de1-ac25-6e2527f1d58e · read 2026-08-29
Those labels are classed as human prescription drug.
US prescribing information · 16d8e0f4-567d-4de1-ac25-6e2527f1d58e · read 2026-08-29
5 marketed supplement labels list this ingredient, classed as other combinations and vitamin.
Those labels carry all other and nutrient claims. A claim of that kind is written by the manufacturer and is not assessed by any regulator, so its presence says nothing about whether it is true.
Colchicine Tablets USP is film-coated tablets at Tablets: 0.6 mg colchicine, recorded as prescription product; fda label in effect 2025-07-01 in the United States.
US prescribing information · 0f69b9c6-8c00-45e2-b950-34dc5ae62352 · read 2026-08-27
Recorded price in US: 0.11823–1.87622 USD per one unit as the pricing file counts it — a tablet, capsule, patch or single item, across 44 priced products whose strengths and pack forms differ, as of 2026-08-26, paid by retail pharmacies buying the product, as surveyed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. It is not a list price, an insurance price, or what anyone pays at a counter..
Recorded source · 2026-08-26 · read 2026-08-28
Evidence carries across two names for one substance. It does not carry across a salt, a mirror form or a mixture.
What it would be like to take◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What you could measure
This one is decided with a clinician, so this section holds questions to ask rather than a plan to run.
RNAWiki could not confidently classify this substance, so no self-experiment plan is offered.
Questions worth asking
Which of the trials of Colchicine Conformational Isomer studied people like me?
What was measured, and for how long?
Was the result a laboratory value or a health outcome?
What would we watch for, and when would we stop?
Tracking can show whether something changed for you. It cannot show what caused it.
RNAWiki records evidence. It does not say whether this substance is right for you.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Claims that go past the evidence
Things said about this substance that sound reasonable, and the exact step that is missing between the evidence and the claim.
✗Goes past the evidence
That lowering C-reactive protein with colchicine indicates cardiovascular benefit — the marker fell in all four trials and events fell in two
Why it sounds right. It follows from something real on this page: a body step, an animal result or a related finding.
The missing step. Nobody measured this in people for this use, or the study that did measure it did not show it.
What would change this
A study in people, for this exact use, measuring this exact thing, that a reviewer signs off.
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
✗Goes past the evidence
That the COLCOT result establishes benefit after myocardial infarction — CLEAR SYNERGY tested the same question in more patients over more time and found a hazard ratio of 0.99
Why it sounds right. It follows from something real on this page: a body step, an animal result or a related finding.
The missing step. Nobody measured this in people for this use, or the study that did measure it did not show it.
What would change this
A study in people, for this exact use, measuring this exact thing, that a reviewer signs off.
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
✗Goes past the evidence
That the LoDoCo2 non-cardiovascular mortality signal is a chance finding — its interval was 0.99 to 2.31 and the largest trial did not reproduce it, which does not settle it
Why it sounds right. It follows from something real on this page: a body step, an animal result or a related finding.
The missing step. Nobody measured this in people for this use, or the study that did measure it did not show it.
What would change this
A study in people, for this exact use, measuring this exact thing, that a reviewer signs off.
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
✗Goes past the evidence
That COLCOT demonstrated fewer heart attacks — the myocardial infarction hazard ratio was 0.91 and the composite was carried by stroke and revascularisation
Why it sounds right. It follows from something real on this page: a body step, an animal result or a related finding.
The missing step. Nobody measured this in people for this use, or the study that did measure it did not show it.
What would change this
A study in people, for this exact use, measuring this exact thing, that a reviewer signs off.
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
What is missing or unclear◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
What nobody knows yet
Open questions, each with why it is open and what would close it.
Missing populations
Which groups were under-represented in the studies has not been recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing long-term data
No completed tested study window is recorded.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
No reviewed conclusion
RNAWiki has not yet published a reviewed conclusion for this use.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Missing interaction studies
No interaction was found in the registers checked. Not finding one is not the same as showing there is none.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Formulation uncertainty
Several salts, forms or products of Colchicine Conformational Isomer are recorded. Results from one form may not transfer to another.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
Mechanism not reviewed
No reviewed mechanism story exists for this substance.
Why it matters. Recorded by the evidence model as a gap on this record.
What would answer it
A study that measures it, and a reviewer to sign it off.
Last checked 2026-09-04. Searched: The sources listed in the receipts at the foot of this page.
What happened in people◇Read from sources, not yet reviewed
Check any of this yourself
Every line above traced back to the study it came from. This is the technical layer, and the vocabulary changes here.
Every line above can be traced to the study named beside it. Follow the link and read it.
COLCOT: a 23% reduction in ischaemic events after myocardial infarction
In plain words
Nearly five thousand patients started colchicine within a month of a heart attack. Over about two years they had fewer cardiovascular events, driven by fewer strokes and fewer urgent revascularisations.
What was measured
Composite of cardiovascular death, resuscitated arrest, infarction, stroke or urgent revascularisation over a median 22.6 months
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
See the technical detail.
From the source
COLCOT randomised 4,745 patients within 30 days of myocardial infarction to colchicine 0.5 mg once daily (n=2,366) or placebo (n=2,379), median follow-up 22.6 months. The primary composite of cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke or urgent hospitalisation for angina leading to revascularisation occurred in 5.5% against 7.1%: hazard ratio 0.77 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.96), p=0.02. Component hazard ratios were 0.84 (0.46 to 1.52) for cardiovascular death, 0.83 (0.25 to 2.73) for resuscitated arrest, 0.91 (0.68 to 1.21) for myocardial infarction, 0.26 (0.10 to 0.70) for stroke and 0.50 (0.31 to 0.81) for urgent revascularisation. Diarrhoea was 9.7% against 8.9% (p=0.35). Pneumonia as a serious adverse event was 0.9% against 0.4% (p=0.03).
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim
LoDoCo2: a 31% reduction in chronic coronary disease, with more non-cardiovascular deaths
In plain words
In more than five thousand patients with stable coronary disease, colchicine reduced cardiovascular events substantially. Deaths from causes other than the heart were higher in the colchicine group.
What was measured
Composite of cardiovascular death, spontaneous infarction, ischaemic stroke or ischaemia-driven revascularisation, and non-cardiovascular death
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
See the technical detail.
From the source
LoDoCo2 randomised 5,522 patients with chronic coronary disease to colchicine 0.5 mg daily (n=2,762) or placebo (n=2,760), median follow-up 28.6 months. The primary composite of cardiovascular death, spontaneous non-procedural myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke or ischaemia-driven revascularisation occurred in 187 (6.8%) against 264 (9.6%) — 2.5 against 3.6 events per 100 person-years, hazard ratio 0.69 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.83), p<0.001. The key secondary composite of cardiovascular death, spontaneous infarction or ischaemic stroke was 4.2% against 5.7% (0.72, 0.57 to 0.92, p=0.007). But death from non-cardiovascular causes was higher on colchicine: 0.7 against 0.5 events per 100 person-years, hazard ratio 1.51 (0.99 to 2.31) — an interval that just includes 1 and a signal the paper reports without explanation.
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim
CLEAR SYNERGY: 7,062 patients, three years, hazard ratio 0.99
In plain words
The largest and longest trial of colchicine after a heart attack found no difference at all, in more patients and over more time than the two positive trials combined for that setting.
What was measured
Composite of cardiovascular death, recurrent infarction, stroke or unplanned revascularisation over a median 3 years, and C-reactive protein at 3 months
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
See the technical detail.
From the source
CLEAR SYNERGY (OASIS 9) randomised 7,062 patients with myocardial infarction at 104 centres in 14 countries in a 2-by-2 factorial design of colchicine or placebo and spironolactone or placebo; the colchicine comparison is reported here. Over a median 3 years the primary composite of cardiovascular death, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke or unplanned ischaemia-driven revascularisation occurred in 322 of 3,528 (9.1%) on colchicine against 327 of 3,534 (9.3%) on placebo: hazard ratio 0.99 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.16), p=0.93. The individual components appeared similar. The drug did what it was supposed to do biochemically: the adjusted least-squares mean difference in C-reactive protein at 3 months was -1.28 mg/L (95% CI -1.81 to -0.75). Diarrhoea was more common on colchicine (10.2% against 6.6%, p<0.001) and serious infections did not differ. Vital status was unknown for 45 patients (0.6%).
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim
CONVINCE: in stroke patients the primary analysis missed at p=0.12
In plain words
A trial in more than three thousand patients after a non-cardioembolic stroke found fewer recurrent events on colchicine, but not enough to be statistically convincing, and it ended early for funding reasons.
What was measured
Composite of recurrent ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest or hospitalisation for unstable angina
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
This entry records a failure.
From the source
CONVINCE randomised 3,154 patients between December 2016 and November 2022, with 3,144 in the intention-to-treat analysis after 10 withdrew consent: 1,569 to colchicine plus usual care and 1,575 to usual care alone. The trial finished before the planned 367 outcomes had accrued because of budget constraints attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. A primary endpoint — first fatal or non-fatal recurrent ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest or hospitalisation for unstable angina — occurred in 153 of 1,569 (9.8%) against 185 of 1,575 (11.7%): incidence 3.32 against 3.92 per 100 person-years, hazard ratio 0.84 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.05), p=0.12 against a prespecified significance threshold of 0.048. C-reactive protein was lower on colchicine at 28 days and at 1, 2 and 3 years (p<0.05 at all timepoints). Serious adverse event rates were similar.
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim
C-reactive protein fell in every trial, including the ones that found nothing
In plain words
Across all four cardiovascular trials the inflammation marker went down. In two the events went down with it and in two they did not, which means the marker is not telling you what the drug is doing to outcomes.
What was measured
That a colchicine-induced fall in C-reactive protein indicates cardiovascular benefit — the marker fell in all four trials and events fell in two
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
See the technical detail.
From the source
CLEAR SYNERGY measured an adjusted least-squares mean C-reactive protein difference of -1.28 mg/L at 3 months alongside a hazard ratio of 0.99, p=0.93. CONVINCE found significantly lower C-reactive protein at 28 days and at 1, 2 and 3 years alongside a hazard ratio of 0.84 that missed its 0.048 threshold. COLCOT and LoDoCo2 found clear event reductions. Target engagement was therefore demonstrated in all four, and it separated from outcome in two of them. That is the same structure as the statin inflammation story on the rosuvastatin page and the platelet reactivity story on the clopidogrel page: a biomarker that responds reliably to the drug and does not track the endpoint. A summary that reports the C-reactive protein reduction as evidence of cardiovascular benefit is using the one measurement all four trials agree on to settle the question the four trials disagree about.
Written into the record, not signed off as a reviewed claim
The harm signals are small, real and inconsistent across trials
In plain words
Diarrhoea is common and dose-related. COLCOT recorded more pneumonia and LoDoCo2 more deaths from non-cardiovascular causes; the largest trial found neither.
What was measured
Rates of diarrhoea, pneumonia and non-cardiovascular death across three randomised trials
Effect estimate
No reviewed effect estimate exists for this record.
Limits
See the technical detail.
From the source
COLCOT: diarrhoea 9.7% against 8.9% (p=0.35), pneumonia as a serious adverse event 0.9% against 0.4% (p=0.03). LoDoCo2: death from non-cardiovascular causes 0.7 against 0.5 events per 100 person-years, hazard ratio 1.51 (95% CI 0.99 to 2.31). CLEAR SYNERGY: diarrhoea 10.2% against 6.6% (p<0.001), with no difference in serious infections. CONVINCE: serious adverse event rates similar. The gastrointestinal effect is consistent and mechanistically expected from an antimitotic acting on rapidly dividing gut epithelium. The pneumonia and non-cardiovascular mortality signals appeared in one trial each and were not reproduced in the largest, which is what an uncommon chance imbalance looks like — and is also what a real low-frequency effect looks like in trials not powered for it.
This order is fixed in code and does not count clicks or time on the page.
What is not here
3 questions this page could not answer
These sections were prepared and left out because there was nothing to put in them. They are listed rather than hidden, so the gaps in this record are visible.
What it may clash with — found nothing in the sources checked.
Other ways to the same goal — found nothing in the sources checked.
What changed on this page — found nothing in the sources checked.
The record as stored
The full record, for auditing
Everything above is built from what is below. This layer keeps the technical vocabulary, record identifiers and every stored row, so a reader who wants to check the page can.
The older medicine-wide conclusion held in this record
Written for a clinical reader, and about the medicine as a whole rather than about one indication, population and set of trials. RNAWiki does not treat it as a programme conclusion and no reviewer has signed it off in that form. It is here word for word because it is what the record holds.
A two-thousand-year-old plant alkaloid that reduced ischaemic events by 23% in 4,745 patients after myocardial infarction and by 31% in 5,522 with chronic coronary disease, earned a cardiovascular indication in 2023, and then produced a hazard ratio of 0.99 in 7,062 patients followed for three years while still lowering C-reactive protein by 1.28 mg/L.
Recorded evidence blocks (16)
Q1
What did Colchicine Conformational Isomer's largest trial (70000 people) and its longest (19 years) measure?
70000 people in Colchicine Conformational Isomer's largest registered study, 19 years in its longest registered window, measuring Overall mortality, new acute coronary syndrome, and ischemic stroke. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
76 phase2, 70 phase3, 50 phase4, 32 phase1, 19 na, 5 early phase1, 3 na or unstated; NCT04381936; 2038-09-30; no ageing endpoint recorded. Last human test completed 2026, NCT06203977.
Interpretation These counts include studies where Colchicine Conformational Isomer was a comparison treatment, a background treatment or an exposure in an observational study, and the longest window may be a planned end date. Trial roles have not yet been classified for this record.
Show the evidence
phase2
76
phase3
70
phase4
50
phase1
32
na
19
early phase1
5
2 more recorded rows
na or unstated
3
Last recorded human testNCT06203977
2026-04-04
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q2
From Drosophila to human: where has Colchicine Conformational Isomer shown lifespan?
safety (1), accrual/recruitment (9), funding/business (2) and other (14): Colchicine Conformational Isomer's stop wording, clustered. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
"Record is an ACRN grant summary \& not reflective of an individual trial. All ACTs conducted by ACRN were individually registered on the PRS."; 26 of 242 registered studies
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00000577
withdrawn; "Record is an ACRN grant summary \& not reflective of an individual trial. All ACTs conducted by ACRN were individually registered on the PRS."
NCT00840489
terminated; "Preliminary analysis"
NCT01481233
withdrawn; "Due to funding"
NCT02095522
withdrawn; "The investigators did not find suiable patients"
NCT02177266
terminated; "Difficulty in recruiting patients"
NCT02926248
suspended; "Continuing IRB review was not submitted. Study was inactivated with the institutional IRB."
14 further recorded trials
NCT02995512
withdrawn; "feasibility"
NCT03015831
terminated; "Statistical analysis of interim data showed no advantage of colchicine"
NCT03226899
terminated; "This action was a business decision \& not related to any efficacy, safety or clinical concerns with lesinurad."
NCT03575572
terminated; "Staffing changes impacted by COVID-19 pandemic resulting in inadequate personnel to facilitate study."
NCT03933007
terminated; "faillure of recrutement"
NCT04139655
withdrawn; "Feasibility"
NCT04218786
withdrawn; "Due to the pandemic, there were logistical issues in continuing the study."
NCT04322682
terminated; "Due to several considerations (logistical, human and budgetary), the study was stopped early."
NCT04326790
terminated; "Slow enrollment as a result of the rapid flattening of the curve of COVID-19 cases in Greece"
NCT04363437
terminated; "Stopped due to widespread corticosteroid use in 2020 for COVID infection, which confounds and likely supercedes the effect of colchicine."
NCT04367168
terminated; "The intervention was not effective for the outcomes"
NCT04375202
terminated; "Insufficient rate of patient accrual and newly available scientific evidence"
NCT04420624
terminated; "Inclusion period completed"
NCT04492358
terminated; "No candidates for the recruitment"
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q4
Human studies of Colchicine Conformational Isomer used colchicine 0.6 mg tablet — over how long?
More Colchicine Conformational Isomer was worse in human: at what point?
Hormetic in human: "Furthermore, an in vitro phytotoxicity assay of colchicine-treated cucumber radicles indicated a hormetic-type concentration-dependent response with macroscopic changes in radicles and hypocotyl." Europe PMC · dose-response search · 2026-04-24
5 recorded sentences naming Colchicine Conformational Isomer; hormetic, dose-response
Show the evidence
hormeticPMID 35890440
"Furthermore, an in vitro phytotoxicity assay of colchicine-treated cucumber radicles indicated a hormetic-type concentration-dependent response with macroscopic changes in radicles and hypocotyl."
dose-response
PMID 42029810
"To our knowledge, this work provides the first systematic dose-response analysis for transdermal colchicine delivered via microneedles, offering a promising non-oral alternative and supporting further development of this strategy."
PMID 41832698
"Nonetheless, further studies are warranted to optimize drug delivery strategies, explore dose-response relationships, and compare colchicine with standard stent-based therapies."
PMID 37894398
"A notable finding was that the prolonged use of colchicine was associated with improved outcomes, indicating a potential dose-response relationship. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study proposes a potential new role for colchicine in liver cancer prevention, extending beyond its established anti-inflammatory applications."
PMID 37324937
"Notably, treatment of colchicine in LPS-stimulated mice resulted in a U-shape dose-response curve, where greatly improved survival rates were observed only at doses between 0.10-0.40 mg/kg. At this therapeutic dose level, colchicine inhibited the expression of all the identified hub genes and effectively rescued the pathogenic phenotypes observed in LPS-stimulated mice and iPSC-aCM models.…"
recorded 2026-04-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q6
Colchicine Conformational Isomer's half-life is 26.6 to 31.2 hours — which schedules were studied?
26.6 to 31.2 hours, the half-life Colchicine Conformational Isomer's label states. openfda-label · ac12e420-9f29-018e-e053-2a95a90ab612 · 2026-08-27
bioavailability approximately 45% %.
Show the evidence
half life
26.6 to 31.2 hours hours; Following multiple oral doses (0.6 mg twice daily), the mean elimination half-lives in young healthy volunteers (mean age 25 to 28 years of age) is 26.6 to 31.2 hours.
tmax
Mean (%CV) Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Healthy Adults Given Colchicine C max (Colchicine ng/mL) T max* (h) Vd/F (L) CL/F (L/hr) t 1/2 (h) Colchicine 0.6 mg Single Dose (N=13) 2.5 (28.7) 1.5 (1 to 3) 341.5 (54.4) 54.1 (31) - Colchicine 0.6 mg Twice Daily x 10 Days (N=13) 3.6 (23.7) 1.3 (0.5 to 3) 1150 (18.7) 30.3 (19) 26.6 (16.3) * T max mean (range) CL = Dose/AUC 0-t (calculated from mean…
bioavailability
approximately 45% %; Absolute bioavailability is reported to be approximately 45%.
metabolism
Metabolism Colchicine is demethylated to two primary metabolites, 2-O-demethylcolchicine and 3-O-demethylcolchicine (2- and 3-DMC, respectively) and one minor metabolite, 10-O-demethylcolchicine (also known as colchiceine).
recorded 2026-08-27 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q7
Could one person measure Colchicine Conformational Isomer's effect on recurrence rate at 18 months?
Recurrence rate at 18 months: measured in Colchicine Conformational Isomer's trials.
recurrence rate at 18 months is the recorded endpoint.
Show the evidence
biomarkers
recurrence rate at 18 months; 2026-09-01
postpericardiotomy syndrome; 2026-09-01
proliferative vitreoretinopathy; 2026-09-01
retinal reattachment rate; 2026-09-01
iranian behcet s disease dynamic activity measurement; 2026-09-01
frequency of ulcers; 2026-09-01
14 more recorded rows
biomarkers
core study mean number of gout flares per; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
vas for shoulder pain; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
shoulder range of motion; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
shoulder pain and disability index; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
maximum plasma concentration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
24 hr urine protein collection; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
maximum serum concentration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
maximal plasma concentration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
time to maximum plasma concentration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
apparent first order terminal elimination rate constant; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
apparent first order terminal elimination half life; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
apparent total volume of distribution after administration; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
serum uric acid; 2026-09-01
biomarkers
gout flares per from day 1 to week 16; 2026-09-01
half life
2026-09-04; halfLife; hours; 26.6 to 31.2 hours; 2026-08-27
human trials at or under30
55
smallest human trial
0; NCT00000577; PHASE3; the smallest recorded human enrolment at or below 30; the registry states no direction of its result; WITHDRAWN
Q8
Which of 24 hr urine protein collection, acute gout flare times and apparent first order terminal elimination half life did Colchicine Conformational Isomer's trials measure?
24 hr urine protein collection, acute gout flare times and apparent first order terminal elimination half life lead 40 outcome terms across Colchicine Conformational Isomer's trials. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Interpretation retinal reattachment rate, iranian behcet s disease dynamic activity measurement, frequency of ulcers, core study mean number of gout flares per, vas for shoulder pain and shoulder range of motion follow.
Show the evidence
recurrence rate at 18 months
1
postpericardiotomy syndrome
1
proliferative vitreoretinopathy
1
retinal reattachment rate
1
iranian behcet s disease dynamic activity measurement
1
frequency of ulcers
1
14 more recorded rows
core study mean number of gout flares per
1
vas for shoulder pain
1
shoulder range of motion
1
shoulder pain and disability index
1
maximum plasma concentration
1
24 hr urine protein collection
1
maximum serum concentration
1
maximal plasma concentration
1
time to maximum plasma concentration
1
apparent first order terminal elimination rate constant
1
apparent first order terminal elimination half life
1
apparent total volume of distribution after administration
1
serum uric acid
1
gout flares per from day 1 to week 16
1
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q9
Which of Colchicine Conformational Isomer's 61 ongoing trials reports first?
61 registered trials of Colchicine Conformational Isomer are open; earliest completion 2025-02. ClinicalTrials.gov · 2026-09-01
Efficacy of the study drugs for the treatment of skin vasculitis.; Clearance (CL) or apparent oral clearance (CL/F) as measured by PK sampling; latest 2038-09-30
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT02939573
"A Randomized Multicenter Study for Isolated Skin Vasculitis"; n 90; "Efficacy of the study drugs for the treatment of skin vasculitis."; 2028-12-31
NCT04278404
"Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Profile of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care (POPS)"; n 5000; "Clearance (CL) or apparent oral clearance (CL/F) as measured by PK sampling"; 2026-12
NCT04381936
"Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy"; n 70000; "Community-acquired pneumonia: All-cause mortality (with subsidiary analyses of cause of death and of death at various timepoints following discharge)"; 2038-09-30
NCT04500665
"Anti-Inflammatory Treatment of Uremic Cardiomyopathy With Colchicine"; n 20; "Between-group change in left ventricular global longitudinal strain"; 2026-11-11
NCT04774159
"Low Dose ColchicinE in pAtients With Peripheral Artery DiseasE to Address Residual Vascular Risk"; n 6150; "Major adverse cardiovascular and limb events (MACE or MALE)"; 2029-12
NCT04875702
"Treat-to-Target Serum Urate Versus Treat-to-Avoid Symptoms in Gout"; n 650; "Frequency of gout flare"; 2028-10-31
14 further recorded trials
NCT04916522
"The COlchicine HypERtENsion Trial"; n 150; "Between-group difference in change in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity at 6 months"; 2026-01
NCT05162742
"Colchicine and Inflammation in Aortic Stenosis"; n 150; "Change in aortic valve calcium score"; 2026-12
NCT05175274
"Colchicine Use for Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease"; n 6792; "The incidence of CAD"; 2028-07-01
NCT05472337
"Effect of Colchicine on Coronary Reperfusion in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome"; n 50; "Change in Index of Microcirculatory resistance (IMR) between pre and post-coronary angioplasty."; 2026-06-30
NCT05476991
"Evaluation of Low Dose Colchicine and Ticagrelor in Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Stroke Due to Atherosclerosis"; n 2800; "Number of Participants with nonfatal ischemic stroke"; 2027-09-01
NCT05503225
"Colchicine Use in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease"; n 72; "Regression of intracranial stenosis"; 2028-05-31
NCT05618353
"The Peri-OPerative COlchicine to Reduce Negative Events (POPCORN) Trial"; n 700; "Major adverse cardiovascular events"; 2029-04-30
NCT05633810
"COLchicine and Non-enteric Coated Aspirin in the Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes"; n 10000; "First event of the composite of cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or urgent hospitalization for angina requiring coronary revascularization."; 2027-12
NCT05690204
"Dose Finding Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of 3 Dosages of SAP 001."; n 87; "primary"; 2025-02
NCT05850091
"Polygenic Risk-based Detection of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis and Intervention With Statin and Colchicine"; n 200; "Change in total non-calcified plaque volume from baseline to one year"; 2027-06-01
NCT05855746
"Colchicine Versus Placebo in Acute Myocarditis Patients"; n 300; "Extent of Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) evaluated on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR)"; 2028-07-16
NCT05873881
"COLchicine and Thiamine in Heart Failure Due to Ischemic Heart Disease"; n 2500; "Colchicine arm: Time to first occurrence of a CV death, a HF event, MI, stroke, or arterial revascularization"; 2027-06
NCT05890664
"Colchicine After Electrocardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation"; n 416; "Number of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence"; 2027-03
NCT05928728
"The COLchicine and Atrial FIBrillation Trial"; n 500; "Between-group difference in change in time to first AF admission measured in days"; 2028-11-01
recorded 2026-09-01 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q10
Which running trial of Colchicine Conformational Isomer could settle inflammatory markers?
NCT07287345 measures Change in Inflammatory markers, reading out 2026-12-30.
8 open trials; n 24; "Colchicine's Effect on Inflammatory Markers"
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT07287345
"Colchicine's Effect on Inflammatory Markers"; n 24; "Change in Inflammatory markers"; 2026-12-30
NCT06768294
"Baricitinib in CPPD - the BAPTIST Study"; n 32; "The evaluation the effect of baricitinib on inflammation of the synovial membrane in CPPD"; 2027-01
NCT07571681
"Colchicine for Autoimmune and Subacute Thyroiditis"; n 300; "Mean Change in C-Reactive Protein (CRP)"; 2027-09
NCT06130059
"Efficacy of LoDoCo in Improving Exercise Capacity Among Patients With HFpEF and Inflammation"; n 60; "Peak VO2 indexed to body weight"; 2027-12-31
NCT06286423
"Colchicine in Acutely Decompensated HFREF"; n 30; "Difference in the change in high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) between colchicine arm and placebo arm in the first 72 hours of treatment"; 2028-06
NCT07704164
"Colchicine to Reduce Coronary Artery Inflammation in People With HIV"; n 90; "Changes in coronary artery inflammation"; 2029-06
2 further recorded trials
NCT05949281
"Repurposing Colchicine for Reduction of Residual Inflammatory Risk in Type 1 Diabetes"; n 102; "Change in fasting serum/plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) measured by a high-sensitivity assay (hsCRP) (mg/L)"; 2031-01-15
NCT04381936
"Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy"; n 70000; "Community-acquired pneumonia: All-cause mortality (with subsidiary analyses of cause of death and of death at various timepoints following discharge)"; 2038-09-30
Q11
Which 64 trials of Colchicine Conformational Isomer posted no result?
Posted no result
64 of 64 completed trials
Registrations
NCT00700297, NCT00754819, NCT00128427, NCT00128414, NCT01416402 and NCT01336686, and 58 more
Completion dates
oldest 2006-05; newest 2024-08-09
Show the evidence
Trial
NCT00700297
2006-05
NCT00754819
2009-09
NCT00128427
2010-06
NCT00128414
2010-10
NCT01416402
2011-10
NCT01336686
2011-11
14 further recorded trials
NCT00235079
2011-12
NCT01160276
2012-01
NCT00128453
2012-06
NCT02602028
2013-08
NCT02060552
2014-04
NCT02083510
2014-05
NCT02122484
2014-11
NCT02252835
2014-12
NCT02063997
2015-01
NCT02176460
2015-09
NCT02330796
2015-11
NCT02162303
2016-01
NCT03131583
2018-01-29
NCT03659058
2018-08-01
Q12
At the median, Colchicine Conformational Isomer's trials enrolled 100 people — anything larger?
Median enrolment
100
Largest enrolment
70000
Registered trials counted
241
Q13
What do 1662 spontaneous reports say about Colchicine Conformational Isomer — and not say?
These are reports people sent to a regulator. They do not show the medicine caused the reaction. Nobody counted how many people took the medicine and reported nothing. The same event can be reported more than once, and many reports are incomplete. News coverage, lawsuits and new warnings change how often people report. A count is not a rate and not a risk.
Colchicine Conformational Isomer appears in spontaneous reports to regulators. Across the 10 most-reported reaction terms, 1662 reaction mentions were counted: diarrhoea 432; toxicity to various agents 260; drug interaction 176; acute kidney injury 159. open-targets-adr · CHEMBL107 · 2026-06-24
Show the evidence
diarrhoea
432
toxicity to various agents
260
drug interaction
176
acute kidney injury
159
rhabdomyolysis
125
abdominal pain
113
4 more recorded rows
gout
109
drug intolerance
105
thrombocytopenia
92
pancytopenia
91
recorded 2026-06-24 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q14
Colchicine Conformational Isomer and CYP3A4, CYP1A2 and CYP2A6: shared by which compounds?
CYP3A4, CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 appear in Colchicine Conformational Isomer's recorded interaction sentences, 10 in all. openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-08-30
Interpretation pharmacokinetics
Show the evidence
CYP1A2pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2A6pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2B6pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2C19pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2C8pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2C9pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
2 more recorded rows
CYP2D6pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP2E1pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
CYP3A4
pharmacokinetics
In vitro studies using human liver microsomes have shown that CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of colchicine to 2-and 3-DMC.
pharmacokinetics
Drug Interactions In Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 or CYP3A4 activity.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q15
Was Colchicine Conformational Isomer studied with fasting and exercise?
fasting and exercise are named in Colchicine Conformational Isomer's label sentences: "However, changes in some secondary outcomes, including homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.0499), fasting insulin (P = 0.07) and glucose effectiveness (P = 0.08), suggested metabolic improvements in the colchicine versus placebo group." openfda-label+europepmc · 2026-08-30
2 recorded statements; fasting, exercise
Show the evidence
fasting
However, changes in some secondary outcomes, including homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.0499), fasting insulin (P = 0.07) and glucose effectiveness (P = 0.08), suggested metabolic improvements in the colchicine versus placebo group.
exercise
According to this prospective, randomized study, anti-inflammatory treatment with colchicine in patients with stable CHF, although effective in reducing inflammation biomarker levels, did not affect in any significant way patient functional status (in terms of New York Heart Association class and objective treadmill exercise tolerance) or the likelihood of death or hospital stay for heart failure.
recorded 2026-08-30 · last checked 2026-09-04
Q16
What is recorded about Colchicine Conformational Isomer and mTOR?
"Colchicine treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic pressure in the model group, improved cardiac function, modulated mTOR- and autophagy-related gene expression, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory factor release." — where Colchicine Conformational Isomer and mTOR appear together. Europe PMC · pathway abstract search · 2026-07-27
"Colchicine treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic pressure in the model group, improved cardiac function, modulated mTOR- and autophagy-related gene expression, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory factor release."
autophagyPMID 42565417
"Colchicine treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic pressure in the model group, improved cardiac function, modulated mTOR- and autophagy-related gene expression, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory factor release."
mTORPMID 42565417
"These results support colchicine as a promising therapeutic agent targeting the mTOR-autophagy axis in HFpEF."
autophagyPMID 42565417
"These results support colchicine as a promising therapeutic agent targeting the mTOR-autophagy axis in HFpEF."
mTORPMID 42565417
"Colchicine may modulate mTOR signaling, regulate autophagy, reduce inflammation, and alleviate myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF."
autophagyPMID 42565417
"Colchicine may modulate mTOR signaling, regulate autophagy, reduce inflammation, and alleviate myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF."
6 more recorded rows
AMPKPMID 39107264
"Here, we identified a novel anti-HBc compound-colchicine, an alkaloid compound-that promoted selective autophagic degradation of HBc through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signalling pathway."
IGF-1PMID 42346279
"Fourteen studies, including 1144 children, were analyzed, evaluating height, growth velocity, IGF-1 levels, and treatment effects of colchicine or IL-1-targeted biologics. <i>Results:</i> Growth was generally preserved in a considerable number of children with FMF."
NAD+
"Following irradiation, colchicine restored ALDH2, reduced mitochondrial (mt)ROS - dependent p90 ribosomal S6 kinase ( p90RSK ) activation and lipid peroxidation, preserved TET2 and DNMT3A expression, and rescued impaired efferocytosis while preventing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion."
AMPKPMID 38018843
"Targeting the enzyme may provide new therapeutic approaches for mitigating skeletal muscle atrophy.<b>Abbreviation</b>: ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; AKT/protein kinase B: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CARM1: coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1; Col: colchicine; CSA:…"
sirtuinPMID 38018843
"Targeting the enzyme may provide new therapeutic approaches for mitigating skeletal muscle atrophy.<b>Abbreviation</b>: ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; AKT/protein kinase B: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CARM1: coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1; Col: colchicine; CSA:…"
AMPKPMID 38172692
"Mechanistically, colchicine increased the phosphorylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), promoted the expression of silent information regulation T1 (SIRT1), and inhibited the expression of NOD-like receptor pyrin containing 3 (NLRP3) to reduce myocardial pyroptosis."
sirtuin
PMID 38172692
"Mechanistically, colchicine increased the phosphorylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), promoted the expression of silent information regulation T1 (SIRT1), and inhibited the expression of NOD-like receptor pyrin containing 3 (NLRP3) to reduce myocardial pyroptosis."
PMID 38172692
"Colchicine improves CME-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury by inhibiting cardiomyocyte pyroptosis through the AMPK/SIRT1/NLRP3 signaling pathway."
recorded 2026-07-27 · last checked 2026-09-04
Where it is registeredIdentifiers, relations and other names
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